Description of old substratum of Tokyo dialect and research on diffusion of Metropolitan dialect

2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 19K00651
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 02070:Japanese linguistics-related
• Research Institution: Kokugakuin University
• Principal Investigator: KUNO Mariko 國學院大學, 文学部, 名誉教授 (90170018)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-04-01 – 2023-03-31
• Keywords: 首都圏方言 / 新東京都言語地図 / 地域差 / 年代差 / 若年層への伝播 / 音韻 / 文法 / 語彙

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Research Objective: To describe the traditional Tokyo dialect and to investigate the extent to which the Metropolitan dialect has spread to young people across the country.
Achievement: "New Linguistic Atlas of Tokyo -Grammar and Vocabulary" was published. The actual linguistic status quo in Tokyo was clarified, and age and regional differences were examined and compiled into a report. We investigated the actual situation of the spread of the Tokyo metropolitan dialect among young generation in 11 regions by questionnaire and 5 field work survey, but due to Covid19 infection, the field work survey could not be sufficiently conducted, and the analysis could not be completed. It was confirmed once again that the linguistic system of Tokyo differs between the islands and the wards and Tama areas. The linguistic system is different between the 23 wards and the Tama district, and among the 23 wards, the former 15 wards are different from the surrounding areas.

Free Research Field

方言学,社会言語学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

東京都の高年・青年層の方言体系を臨地調査を実施した『新東京都言語地図　文法・語彙』を完成させた。複雑な東京方言の実態を捉えた成果で、今後の共通語研究の比較の基準となる。例えば「～じゃん」は首都圏方言として全国に拡散している、この研究でごく短期間に東京都内に広がり、次に全国に広がった。またその使用意味は限定的であることが明らかになった。
この成果は東京方言の実態を実証的に明らかにしたことで画期的である。とくに音声言語としての共通語の変化のスピードの考察に役立ち、現代日本語の考察や日本語、標準語の研究、スタンダード日本語の研究の基礎となる。日本語史や国語教育や日本語教育にも貢献できる。