The development of the Kamakura Shingon School and the religious policies of the Kamakura Shogunate and the Imperial Court

2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 19K01007
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 03020:Japanese history-related
• Research Institution: Kyoto University of Advanced Science
• Principal Investigator: TAIRA Masayuki 京都先端科学大学, 人文学部, 特任教授 (10171399)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
• Keywords: 鎌倉幕府 / 鶴岡八幡宮 / 北条時頼 / 九条頼経 / 定豪 / 定親 / 定清 / 頼助

Outline of Final Research Achievements

I have studied the development of the Kamakura Shingon School and have uncovered the following facts.（1）Jogou was the first esoteric Buddhist monk to work in Kamakura. He was appointed as Bettou of Tsurugaoka Hachiman Shrine, and his sect became the mainstream of the Kamakura Shingon School. However, the fact that Jogou was appointed as Hiraizumi Soubettou does not exist.
(2)Joshin, among Jogou's disciples, became embroiled in a power struggle between the power of the Kamakura shoguns and the power of Hojo Tokusou. He was then banished from Kamakura in 1248. Thereafter, the Kamakura Shingon School entered a period of stagnation, but Josei and Joken supported the school through this difficult period.
(3)Sukai, a member of the Kamakura Sanboin school, educated Raijo. Raijo was the son of Hojo Tsunetoki, who became regent of the Kamakura shogunate. Eventually, the Kamakura Shingon School exploded under Raijo's leadership and expanded to include Toji and Daigoji temples in Kyoto.

Free Research Field

日本中世仏教史

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

鎌倉真言派の検討によって、以下の事実を明らかにした。(1)鎌倉幕府と禅宗とのつながりが過剰に強調されてきたが、それは北条時頼段階の一時的現象であり、幕府が保護した中心は顕密仏教である。
(2)『吾妻鏡』の記事が1266年で終わっていることが、鎌倉幕府の宗教政策研究の制約となっていた。本研究は鎌倉で活躍した僧正の数を指標とすることで、幕府の政策に2度の転換（寛元・宝治の政変とモンゴル襲来）があったことを解明した。鎌倉真言派の展開も、幕府の政策転換から大きな影響を受けている。(3)幕府と主従関係を結んだのは僧侶や貴族にも及んでおり、本研究によって鎌倉幕府を多面的に捉えることが可能となった。