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2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Molecular mechanism of Ebola virus disease

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 19K07587
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 49060:Virology-related
Research InstitutionNagasaki University (2021-2022)
Hokkaido University (2019-2020)

Principal Investigator

Tsuda Yoshimi  長崎大学, 高度感染症研究センター, 准教授 (70447051)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 森松 組子 (吉松組子)  北海道大学, 遺伝子病制御研究所, 准教授 (90220722)
Project Period (FY) 2019-04-01 – 2023-03-31
Keywordsウイルス / 病原性
Outline of Final Research Achievements

Cells such as macrophages and dendritic cells as well as hepatocytes are important targets for Ebola virus (EBOV) infection. However, the pathobiological significance of EBOV replication to these cells is remaining unclear. Cellular tropism of viruses can be engineered through the insertion of cell-specific target sequences for microRNA in the viral genome. Using this mechanism, we generated recombinant mouse-adapted EBOV possessing a microRNA-target sequence (maEBOVt). In the previous study we demonstrated maEBOVt possessing microRNA-target sequence that mainly express in cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system showed significantly attenuated pathogenicity in infected mice. In this study, we focus on the hepatocyte and generated maEBOVt possessing microRNA-target sequence that mainly express in the hepatocyte. That rescued virus showed attenuated virus replication in cells expressing target microRNA.

Free Research Field

ウイルス学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

エボラウイルス病はヒトやサルに重篤な出血熱を引き起こす人獣共通感染症である。2014年の大規模なアウトブレイク以後、ワクチンや治療薬の開発が進んでいるが、有効な治療薬や適切な治療法の開発のための病原性の解明は喫緊の課題である。本研究の成果は、エボラウイルスの標的細胞とされていたマクロファージの感染初期におけるウイルス増殖がその後の致死的病態に重要であることを示すとともに、エボラウイルスの病態の中でも特にウイルス増殖の多い肝細胞での、ウイルス増殖の役割について解析するツールの可能性を示すなど、今後のエボラウイルスの解析に重要な知見を得るものとなった。

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Published: 2024-01-30  

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