2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Brain reactions during children's reading activities

Research Project

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Project/Area Number	19K10978
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
Allocation Type	Multi-year Fund
Section	一般
Review Section	Basic Section 58070:Lifelong developmental nursing-related
Research Institution	The University of Tokushima
Principal Investigator	MORI Kenji 徳島大学, 大学院医歯薬学研究部(医学域), 教授 (20274201)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	原田雅史徳島大学, 大学院医歯薬学研究部(医学域), 教授 (20228654) 高橋久美徳島大学, 大学院医歯薬学研究部(医学域), 助教 (40771085) 森慶子徳島大学, 大学院医歯薬学研究部(医学域), 徳島大学専門研究員 (40837225) 橋本浩子徳島大学, 大学院医歯薬学研究部(医学域), 准教授 (80403682)
Project Period (FY)	2019-04-01 – 2023-03-31
Keywords	発達性読み書き障害 / NIRS / Broca / 音読 / 黙読
Outline of Final Research Achievements	In order to elucidate the pathology of developmental dyslexia , near-infrared spectroscopy was performed on the hemodynamics of the left cerebral hemisphere during reading aloud and silently on 10 first grade elementary school students with reading disabilities and 12 typically developing elementary school students. Analysis was performed using 24 channels are attached to the left cerebral hemisphere. In all students with neurotypical development, oxy-Hb　levels increased in the left lateral prefrontal cortex (Broca area) and the left lower posterior temporal region during both reading aloud and silent reading. Children with dyslexia had a poor increase in oxy-Hb concentration at the same site, and oxy-Hb concentrations in Broca area and left lower posterior temporal region in the dyslexia group were significantly lower than those in the neurotypical group. In the group of children with dyslexia, a significant increase in oxy-Hb concentration was observed in the left parietal area.
Free Research Field	小児神経学
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements	定型発達児では音読時・黙読時ともに、Broca野および左下後側頭部にてoxy-Hb濃度の上昇を認めたが、読字障害児群におけるBroca野および左下後側頭部のoxy-Hb濃度は、定型発達児群と比べ有意に低く、左頭頂部でoxy-Hb濃度の有意な上昇を認めた。１年生の定型発達児は、chunkingが可能で、左下後側頭部が活動していたが、読字障害児では逐次読みがみられ、decodingに関与する左頭頂部が活動していた。また、読字障害児においては、努力性の読みを裏づける代償的経路であるBroca野の活動が、乏しかった。読字障害の評価にNIRSが有用であることが明らかになった。