2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Chromosome elimination in sub-family distance wide hybridization in poaceae species: elucidat the paternal factor X in chromosome elimination
Project/Area Number |
19K15817
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Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
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Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
Review Section |
Basic Section 39010:Science in plant genetics and breeding-related
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Research Institution | Tottori University |
Principal Investigator |
ISHII Takayoshi 鳥取大学, 乾燥地研究センター, 講師 (80823880)
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Project Period (FY) |
2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
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Keywords | 遠縁交雑 / 未熟胚 / 交雑障壁 / 染色体脱落 / ムギ類 / トウジンビエ |
Outline of Final Research Achievements |
In plant breeding, parents with various mutations are crossed to produce offspring that are superior to their parents. In general, crossbreeding across species is an attractive method because it can produce offspring with a variety of traits. However, when distantly related species are used in crossbreeding, chromosome elimination has been reported, in which one parent's chromosome is selectively eliminated from the early hybrid embryo. Wheat and oat were crossed with 10 species of Penicetum species using wheat and oat as female parents. The results showed that there were various levels of chromosome eliminaiton depending on the male parent.
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Free Research Field |
遺伝育種科学関連
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Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
環境変動、突発的な戦争、人口増加などにより、世界の食料生産は人類がこれまで経験したことのないレベルで危機的な状況にある。よって、食料の増産が求められるが、これまでの通常の品種改良には限界が来ており、新たな方法による作物改良が必須である。本研究により世界で初めて、染色体脱落における雄側の因子特定に結び付く基礎的な発見ができた。よって、本研究で明らかになった染色体脱落の基礎的知見は、人類の新たな植物改良への基盤情報になった。
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