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2020 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Regulation of colon cancer suppression and malignant progression by TGF-beta signaling

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 19K22558
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research (Exploratory)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Review Section Medium-sized Section 50:Oncology and related fields
Research InstitutionKanazawa University

Principal Investigator

Oshima Masanobu  金沢大学, がん進展制御研究所, 教授 (40324610)

Project Period (FY) 2019-06-28 – 2021-03-31
KeywordsTGF-β / アクチビン / 大腸版 / オルガノイド
Outline of Final Research Achievements

TGF-β signaling suppresses proliferation of intestinal epithelial cells, while it induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of colon cancer cells. Thus, TGF-β plays either of tumor suppressor or tumor promoter role. However, the underlying mechanism has not been elucidated. In this study, we have examined the role of activin, one of TGF-β family cytokines, using mouse intestinal tumor-derived organoids that carried driver mutations in various combinations. Notably, activin treatment suppressed organoid formation of benign tumor cells, while malignant cells with Kras activation mutation showed resistance to activin-induced cell death. Moreover, metastatic cells with p53 mutation showed EMT-like morphological changes and invasion to collagen gel upon activin stimulation. These results suggest that accumulation of driver mutations in Kras and p53 is a possible switching for responses to TGF-β.

Free Research Field

腫瘍生物学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

TGF-βはがん細胞のEMT誘導により転移形成に関与すると考えられることから、その阻害薬ががん悪性化に対する治療薬として期待されている。一方で、TGF-βには上皮細胞の分化誘導機能による、がん抑制性の作用が知られており、TGF-βシグナルの亢進ががん予防に作用すると考えらえる。このように相反するTGF-βシグナルの機能について、本研究ではアクチビンに着目した研究を推進し、がん細胞に導入されたドライバー遺伝子変異に依存した制御の可能性を明らかにした。この結果は、がん発生と悪性化の分子機構の解明に貢献し、TGF-β阻害薬等による将来の治療戦略の確立にも重要な知見となる。

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Published: 2022-01-27  

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