2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

International Comparative Study on the Relationship between Quality of Life and Efficiency of Care in Facilities for the Elderly

Research Project

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Project/Area Number	20H02335
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
Allocation Type	Single-year Grants
Section	一般
Review Section	Basic Section 23030:Architectural planning and city planning-related
Research Institution	Kindai University
Principal Investigator	Yamaguchi Kentaro 近畿大学, 建築学部, 教授 (60445046)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	山井弥生 (斉藤弥生) 大阪大学, 大学院人間科学研究科, 教授 (40263347) 井上由起子日本社会事業大学, 福祉マネジメント研究科, 教授 (40370952) 石井敏東北工業大学, 建築学部, 教授 (90337197)
Project Period (FY)	2020-04-01 – 2023-03-31
Keywords	高齢者居住施設 / 生活の質 / 介護の効率性 / 北欧 / 個室ユニット型 / COVID-19
Outline of Final Research Achievements	The group living style was the international standard in the facilities for the elderly. The standard floor plan was two units per floor. In Scandinavia, there were no regulations for number of residents per units, and the size of the unit was determined by the number of staff per unit and management policies. Although the group living type provided a certain level of care, standardized care was a common issue in each country. "Verbalizing Care" and the networking of training programs was suggested as methods by prevent standardized care. In addition, the corporate merger had streamlined indirect assistance operations, but there was a shift toward a policy that valued the independence of individual offices. The group living room with private room type was effective in terms of infection control under COVID-19. At time of the positive outbreak, zoning was in place for each two units.
Free Research Field	建築計画
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements	北欧との比較およびCOVID-19下における実態調査から、個室ユニット型は国際標準であり、感染症対策上も有効であった。多床室大規模処遇型への回帰に利点はなく、個室ユニット型を維持しながらケアの質の向上を図ることが今後の方向性であると言える。またケアの効率化については間接業務面において有効であり、直接介助については職員と高齢者の相互関係を重視すべきである。ICTの導入など直接介助業務における効率化も検討されているが、介護職員の心理的安定に留意する必要があると言える。また感染症対策に対しては、外部からのアクセス、居室内設備の充実など建物の冗長性が有効であることを示すことができた。