Anti-naturalism of value philosophy in the early twentieth century-For reconsideration of contemporary value theory

2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 20K00119
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 01040:History of thought-related
• Research Institution: Okayama Shoka University
• Principal Investigator: KUKI KAZUTO 岡山商科大学, 法学部, 教授 (30299169)
• Project Period (FY): 2020-04-01 – 2024-03-31
• Keywords: リッカート / 二重作用説 / プリンツ / ディルタイ / 解釈 / 唯物論 / 価値唯名論 / スピノザ

Outline of Final Research Achievements

I sought a way to inherit Rickert’s value philosophy by adopting the views of contemporary value philosophy, without leaving it to naturalistic frameworks. In this context, I argued that an anti-naturalistic moment of every attitude is indispensable for every value judgment. In other words, I evaluated Rickert's dual operation theory of value judgements, and while following it, I emphasised an attitude - as a complement to the tentative presuppositions- corresponding to the role of each judge. In the end, I isolated myself from his value realism and regarded the taking of an attitude to a value judgment as an act of construing. If I rejected value realism as Rickert's interpretation, I could assume that he had approached to Spinoza’s mind-body parallelism. From this perspective, I restored his research on Spinoza’s theory which could be seen as substantial materialism. Contrary to my initial plan, I pursued a reconsideration of the concepts of value from a materialist point of view.

Free Research Field

新カント学派の価値哲学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究の意義は、反自然主義的な態度決定的要素を、価値判断に認めたところにある。情動理論を前提にした自然主義的価値論では、価値の知覚を身体媒介的に説く傾向が見られる。それに対し本研究では、価値の知覚説に代えて、新カント学派的な価値の思考説をとるべきであるとした。しかも暫定的認知に加わるべき態度決定を、価値判断にとって必須として、リッカートの二重作用説を継承した。そのさいの態度決定は役割相関的となるから、価値を自然主義的に説明できないと結論した。こうした見地から、自説として唯名論的に価値哲学を展開することで、価値実在論に代わる、唯物論的世界観と整合的な価値哲学の可能性が明らかとなった。