2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Parliamentary Politics and the House of Peers after the Collapse of the Party Cabinets 1932-1947
| Project/Area Number |
20K13180
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 03020:Japanese history-related
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| Research Institution | Kyushu University |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Project Period (FY) |
2020-04-01 – 2023-03-31
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| Keywords | 議会政治 / 貴族院 / 帝国議会 / 戦時議会 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
This study aims to clarify the significance and limitations of parliamentary politics in modern Japan by analyzing the operation of the Imperial Diet and various debates over the parliamentary system after the collapse of the party cabinet, with the House of Peers and the Secretariat of the House of Peers as subjects of study.
The House of Peers during the period in question continued to maintain a more passive stance toward parliamentary reform itself than did the House of Representatives. This was especially true during the period of great pressure from outside Congress, such as after the formation of the Grand Nationalist Party and the defeat of the war. This is probably due in part to the fact that, unlike the House of Representatives, it does not undergo "popular election". As such, the House of Peers was unable to adapt to the changing times, for better or worse, and after the defeat of the WW2, the "undemocratic" image of the House of Peers became definitive.
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| Free Research Field |
日本近代史
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
本研究課題の最大の成果は、研究が十分に進んでこなかった昭和期の貴族院研究を進展させ、その独自性と議会としての権能の発揮を意識していたことを明らかにできたことである。このことは、”議会政治”が衆議院（代議士）と各種勢力の動向から描かれてきた当該時期の政治史の理解を相対化させるものとなる。あわせて、二院制を採る立法機関において、第二院とは何か、という普遍的な問いを考えることにもなろう。
また、本研究の特徴でもある議会事務局や議会官僚への着目は、狭義の議会政治研究に限らず、政治史をはじめとする関連する諸領域への研究にも援用が可能と思われる。
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