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2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

The half-life and analyzability of DNA in museum specimens

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 20K13248
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Review Section Basic Section 03060:Cultural assets study-related
Research InstitutionHokkaido Museum

Principal Investigator

Omote Keita  北海道博物館, 研究部, 学芸主査 (70761659)

Project Period (FY) 2020-04-01 – 2023-03-31
Keywords博物館標本 / 古代DNA / 資料保存
Outline of Final Research Achievements

For clarifying analyzability of DNA in old museum specimens under various conditions, I studied temporal change in quantity and fragment size of DNA. The DNA half-life depends on storage environment and fragment size, and that the apparent half-life is very short at early stage. This phenomenon is caused by the mixing of sites with different rates of DNA damage in the sample. Previous studies have been analyzed on the assumption that the DNA half-life is constant, and the error may be large. In addition, I analyzed longer term DNA fragmentation in old specimens.

Free Research Field

生物学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

近年、DNA分析が古い標本でも可能になったことで、博物館等の標本が様々な分野で利用されるようになっている。しかし、DNAは時間の経過とともに分解していくため、分析成功率は徐々に低下していく。どのような条件下でDNAの分解がどの程度の早さで進むのかについては、ほとんど定量的な研究が行われていなかった。
本研究の成果に基づいて、標本の年代や保存環境等から残存DNAの状態を推定することで、より効率的・確実な分析が可能になると期待される。

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Published: 2024-01-30  

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