Identification of mutation patterns induced by acetaldehyde exposure

2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 20K17047
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Review Section: Basic Section 53010:Gastroenterology-related
• Research Institution: Kyoto University
• Principal Investigator: Tamaoki Masashi 京都大学, 医学研究科, 特定助教 (00796948)
• Project Period (FY): 2020-04-01 – 2023-03-31
• Keywords: アセトアルデヒド

Outline of Final Research Achievements

In whole genome analysis of the normal human esophageal epithelial cells unexposed or exposed to acetaldehyde in flask (each condition: 2 samples from 1 flask), the average number of mutations in the whole genome region were 1243.5 and 1644.5. Furthermore, whole genome analysis was performed on the esophageal epithelium cells of about 11 months water-fed or ethanol-fed wild-type mice, and about 8 months water-fed or ethanol-fed Aldh2 knockout mice (each group: total 6 samples from 3 mice). The average number of mutations in the whole genome region were 1852.2, 1572.3, and 959.8, 1042.7. Mutation pattern considered an association with acetaldehyde exposure could not be identified by signature analysis.

Free Research Field

腫瘍内科

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

国際がん研究機関(WHO-IARC)は、アルコール飲料に関連するアセトアルデヒドを食道の明らかな発がん物質として認定している。本研究では、食道上皮がアセトアルデヒドに曝露されることにより誘導される突然変異パターンの同定に至っておらず、更なる検討が必要であるが、今回の結果は、食道発がんの機序解明を目的として検討を進める上で重要な意義をもつと考えられる。