2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Functional significance of successive failures in motor learning processes
Project/Area Number |
20K19593
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Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
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Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
Review Section |
Basic Section 59030:Physical education, and physical and health education-related
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Research Institution | Keio University (2021) The University of Tokyo (2020) |
Principal Investigator |
TAKEMI MITSUAKI 慶應義塾大学, 理工学研究科(矢上), 特任講師 (90828302)
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Project Period (FY) |
2020-04-01 – 2022-03-31
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Keywords | 身体運動 / 強化学習 / 探索 / 運動学習 / ばらつき |
Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Despite much research, debate persists about whether hot streaks exist in athletic performance. In 1985, psychologists argued that basketball players who hit one shot made no difference in their odds of hitting the next shot (Gilovich et al. 1985). In contrast, a recent study examining 29 years of data from the NBA three-point shooting contest showed that players who have hit several shots in a row have a greater chance of hitting the next one (Miller & Sanjurjo, 2015). The current study is the first to demonstrate the emergence of streaks in reinforcement learning and explain the causes of streaks with a model in which success induces exploitation (decrease in movement variability) and failure induces exploration (increase in movement variability). Furthermore, the follow-up experiment illustrated hot and cold streaks are context-dependent. These results indicate inducing hot streaks and suppressing cold streaks can be controlled by manipulating task contexts.
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Free Research Field |
システム神経科学,身体教育学
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Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
研究1の成果は,「同じ運動を繰り返す環境では失敗も成功も連続しやすい」ことを,研究2の成果は,「様々な運動を実施する環境では失敗も成功も連続しにくい」ことを示した.例えばこれをダーツの投擲動作に置き換えると,狙った位置に矢が飛んでいる限りは同じ的を狙い続ける方が成功しやすいが,狙った位置と違うところに矢が飛んだ次の投擲では異なる的を狙う方が連続失敗を回避できる可能性を示唆している.検証は必要だが,競技スポーツの現場に応用可能な知見が得られたと考えている.
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