Mechanism elucidation of bystander effects focusing on DNA repair in radioresistant chondrosarcoma cells

2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 20K19967
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Review Section: Basic Section 63020:Radiation influence-related
• Research Institution: Kindai University
• Principal Investigator: Ikeda Hiroko 近畿大学, 理工学部, 助教 (90806465)
• Project Period (FY): 2020-04-01 – 2022-03-31
• Keywords: バイスタンダー効果 / 放射線抵抗性 / DNA損傷・修復 / 染色体分裂異常

Outline of Final Research Achievements

“Bystander effects” are caused by radiation influences through intercellular communication to nearby non-irradiated cells, and may cause a decrease in the therapeutic effect on radiation-resistant tumors.
This study focused on "DNA damage/repair response linked to the cell cycle" to obtain basic knowledge about radiation-resistant cancer cells such as chondrosarcoma and osteosarcoma. By narrowing down the causal pathway and the involvement of intercellular signals, this study aimed to clarify the resistance mechanism of radiation-induced bystander effects.

Free Research Field

放射線生物学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

照射された細胞における細胞周期依存的な放射線感受性（殺細胞効果）の知見が、非照射細胞の細胞応答でも同様に生じ、放射線誘発バイスタンダー効果（RIBE）の誘導に関与するか否かについて明らかにされていない。RIBEによって非照射細胞に誘導されるDNA損傷のプロセスや修復経路の寄与を本研究で探ることで、得られた知見から従来の放射線治療では限界のあった腫瘍に対しても効果的な治療のアプローチを提案できる可能性があり、基礎研究と医学的応用の両観点から見て意義がある。