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2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Elucidation of the mechanism of amyloid fibrillation of alpha-synuclein starting from liquid-liquid phase separation

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 21H02442
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 43040:Biophysics-related
Research InstitutionKyoto University

Principal Investigator

Sugase Kenji  京都大学, 農学研究科, 教授 (00300822)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 森本 大智  京都大学, 工学研究科, 助教 (40746616)
Project Period (FY) 2021-04-01 – 2024-03-31
Keywords液-液相分離 / アミロイド線維化 / αシヌクレイン / 剪断流 / Rheo-NMR
Outline of Final Research Achievements

It has been suggested that α-synuclein, which is associated with Parkinson's disease, is ubiquitinated and undergoes liquid-liquid phase separation, leading to amyloid fibrillation by neuronal flow. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the mechanism of liquid-liquid phase separation of α-synuclein and amyloid fibrillation by reproducing the ubiquitination and flow of α-synuclein in vitro and analyzing it at the atomic and molecular level. Rheo-NMR measurements were performed in dilute solution and in the liquid-liquid phase separated by PEG, and amyloid fibrillation was measured in real time and at the atomic level. We found that the C-terminus aggregated faster in dilute solution than in the liquid-liquid phase, and that amyloid fibrillation occurred much faster in the droplet state.

Free Research Field

生物物理学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

αシヌクレインがバッファー中に分散した状態および液滴状態からアミロイド線維化する過程をRheo-NMRにより原子レベルかつリアルタイムに計測できたことが一番の学術的意義である。近年、液滴形成を経てアミロイド線維化するタンパク質がホットな研究対象であり、そのようなタンパク質全般も本研究と同様にRheo-NMRで解析できる。また、希薄溶液中でC末端が他より速く凝縮することを明らかにしたが、αシヌクレインのC末端はアミロイド線維の構造の中には含まれない。一方でオリゴマー形成に関わると言われている。ゆえに、今回の結果はαシヌクレインのアミロイド線維化機構をより詳細に明らかにするものである。

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Published: 2025-01-30  

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