The effect of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, nitro-PAHs and meteorological conditions on atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease under influence of climate change and Asian Sand Dust

2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 21K17267
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Review Section: Basic Section 58020:Hygiene and public health-related: including laboratory approach
• Research Institution: Asia Center for Air Pollution Research (2022-2023); Kanazawa University (2021)
• Principal Investigator: Pham Oanh 一般財団法人日本環境衛生センターアジア大気汚染研究センター, 情報管理部, 研究員 (10895816)
• Project Period (FY): 2021-04-01 – 2024-03-31
• Keywords: Long-range transport / PM2.5 / Asian Sand Dust / PAHs and nitro-PAHs / Health effect / Asthma / Chronic Cough

Outline of Final Research Achievements

In this project, the principal investor investigated the health effect of Asian Dust and long-range transport of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and nitro-PAHs in Western Japan. Asian Dust elevated ambient particulate matter concentration in Western Japan, while it did not increase total PAH and nitro-PAH concentrations. Long-range transport from the Asian Continent was detected over the two years and especially strong during wintertime. Asian Dust and long-range transport of PAHs and nitro-PAHs in Western Japan were found to have different transport routes and origin. The results showed that PAHs had positive relationship with increased risk of nasal symptoms, asthma in Adult Japanese, and Japanese patients with chronic cough. Urban areas had higher cases attributable to PM2.5 and additional lifetime cancer cases due to PAHs than rural areas. Rural area near Asian Continent had high attributable cases per 100,000 population due to PM2.5.

Free Research Field

Atmospheric Chemistry

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

西日本における黄砂と多環芳香族炭化水素（PAHs）およびニトロPAHsの長距離輸送と健康影響を調査した。 黄砂は西日本の環境中粒子状物質濃度を上昇させたが、総PAHおよびニトロPAH濃度は上昇させなかった。アジア大陸からの長距離輸送が2年間にわたって検出され、特に冬季に強かった。西日本における黄砂とPAHsとニトロPAHsの長距離輸送は、輸送ルートと起源が異なることがわかった。PAHsは鼻症状、成人日本人の喘息、慢性咳嗽患者のリスク増加と正の関係を示した。都市部では、PAHsに起因する生涯追加がん症例数も農村部より多かった。アジア大陸に近い農村では、PM2.5に起因する症例が多かった。