2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Development of new carriers utilizing with transplantation rejection mechanism in amnion membrane derived cells

Research Project

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Project/Area Number	22K19557
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research (Exploratory)
Allocation Type	Multi-year Fund
Review Section	Medium-sized Section 55:Surgery of the organs maintaining homeostasis and related fields
Research Institution	University of Toyama
Principal Investigator	Yoshida Toshiko 富山大学, 医学部, 客員教授 (00171421)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	荒井健一富山大学, 大学院理工学研究部(工学), 研究員 (40752960) 岡部素典富山大学, 学術研究部医学系, 助教 (60283066) 小島伸彦横浜市立大学, 理学部, 准教授 (90342956)
Project Period (FY)	2022-06-30 – 2024-03-31
Keywords	膵島 / 羊膜由来細胞 / 絨毛膜由来細胞 / ヒト乾燥羊膜 / 免疫寛容 / メチルセルロース / スフェロイド形成 / RNA seq解析
Outline of Final Research Achievements	Islet transplantation is one of the treatment options for severe diabetes. Islet transplantation is a very low invasive procedure that can be performed by intravenous administration of islets through a blood vessel called the portal vein of the liver. Although very good immunosuppressive agents have been developed in recent years, rejection cannot be completely ruled out because of the same species but a transplant from another person. Focusing on the immunotolerance capacity (property of not causing rejection) and anti-inflammatory effect of amnion-derived and chorion-derived cells, we have coated islets using cell suspensions in which cells are suspended in methylcellulose solution. The objective was to create islet fragments that are resistant to rejection with the aim of improving transplantation efficiency.
Free Research Field	再生医療
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements	膵島の生着率の向上。膵島移植が同種他家移植であるため、拒絶反応を完全に回避することは難しい。免疫抑制剤による全身性の抑制ではなく、局所において拒絶を誘導する要因を減弱させ、拒絶を回避する事は膵島の生着率を向上するだけでなくレシピエントのQOLをも著しく向上させる。本方法が確立されれば、脳死あるいは心臓死からのドナーからだけでなく,将来的には3Dで培養することが可能となった「オルガノイド」を作成して、組織よりも臓器に近い構造体での移植を実施する事が可能となる。移植材料の不足を補填するだけでなく組織・臓器移植の技術革新となると考える。