Regulation of Nutrient Absorption Function by Membrane Phospholipids Comprising Small Intestinal Absorptive Epithelial Cells

2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 22K19716
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research (Exploratory)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Review Section: Medium-sized Section 59:Sports sciences, physical education, health sciences, and related fields
• Research Institution: University of Shizuoka
• Principal Investigator: Miura Shinji 静岡県立大学, 食品栄養科学部, 教授 (10342932)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 佐藤 友紀 静岡県立大学, 食品栄養科学部, 助教 (30908455) ; 林 久由 静岡県立大学, 食品栄養科学部, 准教授 (40238118)
• Project Period (FY): 2022-06-30 – 2024-03-31
• Keywords: リン脂質 / リモデリング / 小腸 / ラクトース

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Deletion of LPLAT7 reduced the activity of lyso PC, lyso PE, and lyso PS to introduce 18:0-CoA into the sn-1 position and the amounts of 18:0-PC, 18:0-PE, and 18:0-PS in small intestinal epithelial cells. Furthermore, PC (18:0_18:2), the major PC molecule in small intestinal epithelial cells, is a molecule with 18:0 bound to the sn-1 position, indicating that loss of LPLAT7 significantly reduced PC (18:0_18:2) levels. The increase in blood glucose levels upon lactose administration was suppressed in iKO mice. iKO mice did not show impaired glucose absorption, suggesting that this change involves a decrease in lactase activity and lactose degradation reaction.

Free Research Field

分子栄養学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

LPLAT7によるsn-1位へのstearoyl基(18:0)の導入が小腸の栄養素吸収機能に不可欠であるという新規概念を、in vivoモデルで検証した。責任酵素の同定、ラクトース吸収への影響について明らかにすることができた。本研究は小腸上皮細胞を題材に、“生体を構成する脂質の質”と生体機能の関係性まで踏み込んだ解析を行なった。本研究成果は、栄養学における脂質の新たな意義、新しい研究領域の開拓や新概念の提唱につながると考えられる。