時系列メタゲノミクスでみる西部北太平洋亜寒帯・亜熱帯海域の微生物群集動態

2015 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 24241002
• Research Institution: The University of Tokyo
• Principal Investigator: 浜崎 恒二 東京大学, 大気海洋研究所, 准教授 (80277871)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 高見 英人 国立研究開発法人海洋研究開発機構, 環境影響評価研究グループ, 上席研究員 (70359165)
• Project Period (FY): 2012-04-01 – 2016-03-31
• Keywords: 西部北太平洋 / 微生物 / メタゲノム

Outline of Annual Research Achievements

本研究では，西部北太平洋の物質循環と生態系構造の理解を目的として，亜寒帯及び亜熱帯海域に設置された時系列観測点において，微生物群集代謝機能の網羅的解析を行った． 2010～2011年4回の「みらい」航海にて表層海水を採取，DNAを抽出し454パイロシーケンス法によって塩基配列を決定した．全８試料（4航海x2観測点）で約480万リードの配列情報を得て遺伝子予測とKEGG オーソログ解析を行った．昨年度までに，これらのデータを解析するための自動解析システムMetabolic And Physiological potentiaL Evaluator (MAPLE)の開発と高度化を行い，各種遺伝子セットの充足率算出，同定の信頼性の指標化，遺伝子出現頻度の標準化手法を確立した．今年度は，これらの解析システムの改良と最新のデータベースを用いた全サンプルの再解析を行った．さらに，太平洋の熱帯・亜熱帯海域の表層海水18試料のメタゲノムデータを加えて特徴的な代謝プロセスの抽出法として類似度百分率（SIMPER）分析や環境パラメータとの統合解析にための多変量解析手法の検討を行った．解析の結果，硝酸・亜硝酸輸送系は亜熱帯海域にのみ，グルタミン酸・アスパラギン酸輸送系は亜寒帯海域にのみ見られる機能であることや，超貧栄養海域でも窒素利用能（輸送系や代謝酵素）に特徴が見られることなどがわかった．こうした違いは海域によって異なる窒素供給の質と量を反映したものであり，細菌群集の環境適応の鍵となる機能の一つと考えられる．

Research Progress Status

27年度が最終年度であるため、記入しない。

Strategy for Future Research Activity

27年度が最終年度であるため、記入しない。

Research Products

• [Journal Article] Active populations of rare microbes in oceanic environments as revealed by bromodeoxyuridine incorporation and 454 tag sequencing (2016)
  • Author(s): Koji Hamasaki, Akito Taniguchi, Yuya Tada, Ryo Kaneko, and Takeshi Miki
  • Journal Title: Gene Volume: 576 Pages: 650-656
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.10.016
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Depth-dependent and seasonal variability in archaeal community structure in the subarctic and subtropical western North Pacific (2016)
  • Author(s): Ryo Kaneko, Toshi Nagata, Shotaro Suzuki, Koji Hamasaki
  • Journal Title: Journal of Oceanography Volume: in press Pages: in press
  • Peer Reviewed / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Nitrification and its influence on biogeochemical cycles from the equatorial Pacific to the Arctic Ocean (2016)
  • Author(s): Takuhei Shiozaki, Minoru Ijichi, Kazuo Isobe, Fuminori Hashihama, Ken-ichi Nakamura, Makoto Ehama, Ken-ichi Hayashizaki, Kazutaka Takahashi, Koji Hamasaki, and Ken Furuya
  • Journal Title: The ISME Journal Volume: in press Pages: in press
  • DOI: 10.1038/ismej.2016.18
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] 細菌プランクトンの動態と光栄養 (2016)
  • Author(s): 浜崎恒二
  • Journal Title: 月刊海洋特集：光とプランクトン研究―現状と展望― Volume: 543 Pages: 6-14
• [Journal Article] Fabibacter misakiensis sp. nov., a novel marine bacterium isolated from the coastal surface water in Japan (2015)
  • Author(s): Shu-Kuan Wong; Sanghwa Park; Jung-Sook Lee; Keun Chul Lee; Hiroshi Xavier Chiura; Kazuhiro Kogure; Koji Hamasaki
  • Journal Title: International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology Volume: 65 Pages: 3276-3280
  • DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.000405
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Spatial distribution and cell size of aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria in the Uwa Sea, Japan (2015)
  • Author(s): Yuki Sato-Takabe, Shotaro Suzuki, Ryuki Shishikura, Koji Hamasaki, Yuya Tada, Takafumi Kataoka, Taichi Yokokawa, Naoki Yoshie, Satoru Suzuki
  • Journal Title: Journal of Oceanography Volume: 71 Pages: 151-159
  • DOI: 10.1007/s10872-014-0267-z
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Typhoon-induced response of phytoplankton and bacteria in temperate coastal waters (2015)
  • Author(s): Kenji Tsuchiya, Victor S Kuwahara, Koji Hamasaki, Yuya Tada, Tadafumi Ichikawa, Tomoko Yoshiki, Ryota Nakajima, Akio Imai, Shinji Shimode and Tatsuki Toda
  • Journal Title: Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science Volume: 167 Pages: 458-465
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.ecss.2015.10.026
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] New radioisotope-free method for measuring bacterial production using [15N5]-2'-deoxyadenosine and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) in aquatic environments (2015)
  • Author(s): Kenji Tsuchiya, Tomoharu Sano, Nobuyuki Kawasaki, Hideki Fukuda, Noriko Tomioka, Koji Hamasaki, Yuya Tada, Shinji Shimode, Tatsuki Toda and Akio Imai
  • Journal Title: Journal of Oceanography Volume: 71 Pages: 675–683
  • DOI: 10.1007/s10872-015-0310-8
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Presentation] 太平洋における細菌プランクトンの多様性と機能 (2016)
  • Author(s): 浜崎恒二
  • Organizer: 第５回JAMBIOフォーラム
  • Place of Presentation: 筑波大学東京キャンパス文京校舎，東京
  • Year and Date: 2016-02-10
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Diversity, community structure and functional potential of planktonic bacteria in the Pacific Ocean: insights from the NEOPS transoceanic cruises (2015)
  • Author(s): Koji Hamasaki, Shotaro Suzuki, Yoshitoshi Ogura, Tetsuya Hayashi, Hiroshi Mori, Ken Kurokawa, Wataru Arai, Hideto Takami
  • Organizer: International symposium: “Developing new ocean provinces on their biogeochemistry and ecosystems”
  • Place of Presentation: 東京大学本郷キャンパス，東京
  • Year and Date: 2015-12-03
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Current systems shape bacterial community structure in the Sanriku coastal area, northwestern Japan (2015)
  • Author(s): Ryo Kaneko, Yoko Kobayashi, Koji Hamasaki, Takuhei Shiozaki, and Kazuhiro Kogure
  • Organizer: 7th Japan-Taiwan-Korea International Symposium on Microbial Ecology
  • Place of Presentation: 土浦亀城プラザ，茨城
  • Year and Date: 2015-10-17 – 2015-10-20
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Isolation and characterization of rhodopsin containing Mesoflavibacter misakiensis SK-14 sp, nov. from sea surface microlayer at the coast of Misaki, Japan (2015)
  • Author(s): Sanghwa Park, Shu-Kuan Wong, Jung-Sook Lee, Keun Chul Lee, Suk Won Kim, Koji Hamasaki and Kazuhiro Kogure
  • Organizer: 7th Japan-Taiwan-Korea International Symposium on Microbial Ecology
  • Place of Presentation: 土浦亀城プラザ，茨城
  • Year and Date: 2015-10-17 – 2015-10-20
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] 環境DNAから探る新たな海洋像 (2015)
  • Author(s): 浜崎恒二
  • Organizer: マリノフォーラム21サロン
  • Place of Presentation: マリノフォーラム21，東京
  • Year and Date: 2015-09-15
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Characterizing the biological and microbial community dynamics in the coastal sea surface microlayer (2015)
  • Author(s): Shu-Kuan Wong, Shotaro Suzuki, Yingshun Cui, Ryo Kaneko, Kazuhiro Kogure, Koji Hamasaki
  • Organizer: 日本地球惑星科学連合2015年大会
  • Place of Presentation: 幕張メッセ，千葉
  • Year and Date: 2015-05-24 – 2015-05-28
• [Presentation] Comparative study for ecosystem and biogeochemistry at comparative time-series stations in the northwestern Pacific subarctic gyre and subtropical region: K2S1 project (2015)
  • Author(s): Makio Honda and the K2S1 project Team
  • Organizer: EGU General Assembly 2015
  • Place of Presentation: Viena, Austria
  • Year and Date: 2015-04-12 – 2015-04-17
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Book] 水圏微生物学の基礎 (2015)
  • Author(s): 濵﨑 恒二 , 木暮 一啓 , 澤 辺智雄 , 澤辺 桃子, 鈴木 聡, 砂村 倫成, 永田 俊, 春田 伸, 福田 秀樹, 美野 さやか, 和田 実
  • Total Pages: 261
  • Publisher: 恒星社厚生閣