Comprehensive analysis of immune responses to tumor-specific genetic mutations and its application to novel cancer immunotherapy.

2016 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 26293293
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• Allocation Type: Partial Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Research Field: General surgery
• Research Institution: Kanagawa Cancer Center Research Institute
• Principal Investigator: Sasada Tetsuro 地方独立行政法人神奈川県立病院機構神奈川県立がんセンター(臨床研究所), がんワクチンセンター, 部長 (70293967)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 田代 康介 九州大学, (連合)農学研究科(研究院), 准教授 (00192170)
• Co-Investigator(Renkei-kenkyūsha): MATSUEDA Satoko 久留米大学, 先端がん治療研究センター, 講師 (60610582)
• Project Period (FY): 2014-04-01 – 2017-03-31
• Keywords: 腫瘍免疫 / 遺伝子変異 / 免疫反応 / がん免疫療法 / ネオアンチゲン / 免疫原性 / Ｔ細胞 / 個別化治療

Outline of Final Research Achievements

We comprehensively investigated immune responses to tumor-specific gene mutations identified in individual cancer patients. The detailed immunological analyses have demonstrated that neoantigens derived from tumor-specific mutations (especially passenger mutations) show high immunogenicity and induce antigen-specific T cell responses efficiently. Our findings suggest that neoantigens might play critical roles in anti-tumor immunity, and could provide important information for further development of “personalized cancer immunotherapy targeting mutation-derived neoantigens” as a novel cancer treatment modality.

Free Research Field

腫瘍免疫学