Development of a land surface - dust emission process model based on a detailed observation in the Gobi Desert

• Project/Area Number: 15H05115
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Section: 海外学術
• Research Field: Environmental dynamic analysis
• Research Institution: Tottori University
• Principal Investigator: KUROSAKI Yasunori 鳥取大学, 乾燥地研究センター, 准教授 (40420202)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 石塚 正秀 香川大学, 創造工学部, 准教授 (50324992) ; 西原 英治 鳥取大学, 農学部, 准教授 (40452544) ; 中村 公一 鳥取大学, 工学研究科, 准教授 (90530642)
• Research Collaborator: SEKIYAMA tsuyoshi ; MAKI takashi ; JUGDER dulam ; GANTSETSEG batdelger ; BUYANTOGTOKH batjargal
• Project Period (FY): 2015-04-01 – 2019-03-31
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2018)
• Budget Amount: ¥16,380,000 (Direct Cost: ¥12,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,780,000); Fiscal Year 2018: ¥2,080,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥480,000); Fiscal Year 2017: ¥2,730,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥630,000); Fiscal Year 2016: ¥3,510,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥810,000); Fiscal Year 2015: ¥8,060,000 (Direct Cost: ¥6,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,860,000)
• Keywords: 環境変動 / 自然災害 / 黄砂 / 砂漠化 / 乾燥地 / ゴビ砂漠 / 風食 / ダスト / エアロゾル / 大気・陸面相互作用

Outline of Final Research Achievements

We have conducted field experiments for an elucidation of dust emission mechanisms in Tsogt-Ovoo, Mongolia in the Gobi Desert. There is a 10 km-scale topographic depression, which works as a dust source. The source has been created by an accumulation of fine soil particles due to water erosion. When a precipitation amount is high, precipitation water gathers into the depression. It leads to a soil crust creation and a vegetation growth. We clarified that these suppress dust emission (crust effect and dead leave effect). A spatial difference in the pebble amount causes a spatial difference in dust emission (pebble effect). We quantitatively clarified the pebble effect by a numerical experiment, in which pebble amount data obtained from our field observation was applied. We also clarified a relation between soil moisture and hardness of soil crust.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

黄砂は健康、生態系、気候変動等に影響する。発生域では砂塵嵐という気象災害である。健康影響や気象災害といった悪影響を未然に防ぐための予報システム構築や、将来気候予測のためには黄砂発生数値モデルの高精度化が必要であるが、黄砂発生に影響する土壌粒径、土壌水分、レキ、クラスト、植生量といった様々な地表面要素を把握することと各地表面要素と臨界風速（黄砂が発生し始める風速）の関係が明らかになっていないため、今日の黄砂数値モデルの精度は不十分である。本研究では、黄砂が頻繁に発生していることが明らかになっているモンゴルのツォクトオボーにおいて黄砂発生解明のための観測を行い、黄砂数値モデルの精度向上を進めた。

Research Products

• [Int'l Joint Research] IRIMHE(モンゴル)
• [Int'l Joint Research] 気象水文環境情報研究所(モンゴル)
• [Int'l Joint Research] 気象水文環境情報研究所(モンゴル)
• [Journal Article] Prediction of health effects of cross-border atmospheric pollutants using an aerosol forecast model (2018)
  • Author(s): Onishi Kazunari、Sekiyama Tsuyoshi Thomas、Nojima Masanori、Kurosaki Yasunori、Fujitani Yusuke、Otani Shinji、Maki Takashi、Shinoda Masato、Kurozawa Youichi、Yamagata Zentaro
  • Journal Title: Environment International Volume: 117 Pages: 48-56
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.04.035
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Turbulent characteristics of saltation and uncertainty of saltation model parameters (2018)
  • Author(s): Liu Dongwei、Ishizuka Masahide、Mikami Masao、Shao Yaping
  • Journal Title: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Volume: 18 Issue: 10 Pages: 7595-7606
  • DOI: 10.5194/acp-18-7595-2018
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Composition of Asian dust from cathodoluminescence spectral analysis of single quartz grains (2017)
  • Author(s): Nagashima Kana、Nishido Hirotsugu、Kayama Masahiro、Kurosaki Yasunori、Ohgo Syuhei、Hasegawa Hitoshi
  • Journal Title: Geology Volume: 45 Issue: 10 Pages: 879-882
  • DOI: 10.1130/g39237.1
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Topographical and hydrological effects on meso-scale vegetation in desert steppe, Mongolia (2017)
  • Author(s): Batdelger GANTSETSEG, Masahide ISHIZUKA, Yasunori KUROSAKI, and Masao MIKAMI
  • Journal Title: Journal of Arid Land Volume: 9 Issue: 1 Pages: 132-142
  • DOI: 10.1007/s40333-016-0090-z
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Variations in the structure of airborne bacterial communities in Tsogt-Ovoo of Gobi Desert area during dust events (2016)
  • Author(s): Maki, T., Y. Kurosaki, K. Onishi, K.C. Lee, S.B. Pointing, D. Jugder, N. Yamanaka, H. Hasegawa, M. Shinoda
  • Journal Title: Air Quality, Atmosphere and Health Volume: 10(3) Issue: 3 Pages: 249-260
  • DOI: 10.1007/s11869-016-0430-3
  • NAID: 120005851364
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Regional Characteristics of Recent Dust Occurrence and Its Controlling Factors in East Asia (2016)
  • Author(s): Wu, J., Y. Kurosaki, M. Shinoda, and K. Kai
  • Journal Title: SOLA Volume: 12 Issue: 0 Pages: 187-191
  • DOI: 10.2151/sola.2016-038
  • NAID: 130006895193
  • ISSN: 1349-6476
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Asian dust transport during the last century recorded in Lake Suigetsu sediments (2016)
  • Author(s): Kana Nagashima, Yoshiaki Suzuki, Tomohisa Irino, Takeshi Nakagawa, Ryuji Tada, Yukari Hara, Kazuyoshi Yamada, and Yasunori Kurosaki
  • Journal Title: Geophysical Research Letters Volume: （印刷中） Issue: 6 Pages: 2835-2842
  • DOI: 10.1002/2015gl067589
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Data Assimilation of Himawari-8 Aerosol Observations: Asian Dust Forecast in June 2015 (2016)
  • Author(s): Sekiyama, T. T., K. Yumimoto, T. Y. Tanaka, T. Nagao, M. Kikuchi, and H. Murakami
  • Journal Title: SOLA Volume: 12 Issue: 0 Pages: 86-90
  • DOI: 10.2151/sola.2016-020
  • NAID: 130005138224
  • ISSN: 1349-6476
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] A tribute to Michael R. Raupach for contributions to aeolian fluid dynamics (2015)
  • Author(s): Shao, Y., Nickling, W., Bergametti, G., Butler, H., Chappell, A., Findlater, P., Gillies, J., Ishizuka, M., Klose, M., Kok, J. F., Leys, J., Lu, H., Marticorena, B., McTainsh, G., McKenna-Neuman, C., Okin, G. S., Strong, C., Webb, N.
  • Journal Title: Aeolian Research Volume: 19(A) Pages: 37-54
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2015.09.004
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Vertical distribution of airborne bacterial communities in an Asian dust downwind area, Noto Peninsula (2015)
  • Author(s): Maki T., Hara K., Kobayashi F., Kurosaki Y., Kakikawa M., Matsuki A., Chen B., Shi G., Hasegawa H., Iwasaka Y.
  • Journal Title: Atmospheric Environment Volume: 119 Pages: 282-293
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.08.052
  • NAID: 120005851363
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Contributions of Climate and Human Factors to Aeolian Desertification in Xilingol Grassland (2018)
  • Author(s): Wu J., Kurosaki Y.
  • Organizer: 気象学会2018年度春季大会
• [Presentation] Dust observations in topographically depressed valley, Gobi Desert, Mongolia (2018)
  • Author(s): M. Ishizuka, B. Gantsetseg, Y. Kurosaki, B. Buyantogtokh
  • Organizer: The 10th International Conference on Aeolian Research
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Evaluation of the effect of climate change and human activities on aeolian desertification in Xilingol Grassland, Inner Mongolia (2018)
  • Author(s): J. Wu, Y. Kurosaki, C. Du, T. Wang
  • Organizer: The 10th International Conference on Aeolian Research
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Experimental study on motion characteristics of saltating grains under crusted soils related to the dust emission in drylands (2018)
  • Author(s): Nakahara Y., Ishizuka, M., Kurosaki, Y., Hagino, H., Batdelger, G., Nanko, K., Suzuki, S. and Nakamura, K.
  • Organizer: the 2018 joint 14th iCACGP Quadrennial Symposium/15th IGAC Science Conference
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] PTV法を用いた風洞装置を用いた飛砂粒子の運動解析 (2018)
  • Author(s): 中原優祐, 石塚正秀, 黒崎泰典, 中村公一, Gantsetseg Batdelger, 萩野裕章, 南光一樹, 鈴木覚
  • Organizer: 土木学会第73回年次学術講演会
• [Presentation] 砂落下実験による土壌クラストの崩壊実験 (2018)
  • Author(s): 中原優祐, 石塚正秀, 黒崎泰典, 中村公一, Gantsetseg Batdelger
  • Organizer: 平成30年度土木学会四国支部第24回技術研究発表会
• [Presentation] Characteristics of aeolian dust emission and its controlling factors in East Asia (2017)
  • Author(s): Yasunori KUROSAKI, Masao MIKAMI, Masato SHINODA, Jing WU, Masahide ISHIZUKA, Yutaka YAMADA, Gantsetseg BATDELGER, Batjargal BUYANTOGTOKH, and Dulam JUGDER
  • Organizer: The 21st International Epidemiological Association (IEA) World Congress of Epidemiology (WCE2017)
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] Diagnosis of aeolian desertification in northeastern Asia (2017)
  • Author(s): Yasunori KUROSAKI
  • Organizer: UNCCD COP13 Side Event, Combating Aeolian Desertification and Realization of Land Degradation Neutrality
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Potentiality of IRIMHE’s New Dust Early Warning System (D-EWS) (2017)
  • Author(s): Yasunori KUROSAKI, Dulam JUGDER, Nyamjantsan BALJINNYAM, Batjargal GANTSETSEG, and Masato SHINODA
  • Organizer: Knowledge Exchange Conference 2017, Pastoralism, Governance and Dzud risk in Mongolia
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] Dust simulation result using WRF-Chem Model over Mongolia and Analysis of observation data (2017)
  • Author(s): Batjargal BUYANTOGTOKH, Yasunori KUROSAKI, and Masahide ISHIZUKA
  • Organizer: International Workshop on Asian Dust, Bioaerosols and Environmental Regime Shift
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Impacts of erodibility factors on dust occurrence in Inner Mongolia, China (2017)
  • Author(s): Jing WU, Yasunori KUROSAKI, Baolin ZHANG, Masato SHINODA, and Kenji KAI
  • Organizer: International Workshop on Asian Dust, Bioaerosols and Environmental Regime Shift
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Prediction of health effects of cross-border atmospheric pollutants using the Model of Aerosol Species in the Global Atmosphere (MASINGAR) (2017)
  • Author(s): Kazunari Onishi, Masanori Nojima, Tsuyoshi Thomas Sekiyama, Yasunoari Kurosaki, Shinji Otani, Masato Shinoda, Youichi Kurozawa, Zentaro Yamagata
  • Organizer: The 21st International Epidemiological Association (IEA), World Congress of Epidemiology (WCE2017)
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] 乾燥地における降雨後の土壌クラストの形成および飛砂粒子による破壊の基礎的実験 (2017)
  • Author(s): 神高明徳、石塚正秀、黒崎泰典、中村公一、Gantsetseg Batdelger
  • Organizer: 平成29年度土木学会四国支部第23回技術研究発表会
• [Presentation] 風洞装置を用いた飛砂粒子の運動解析 (2017)
  • Author(s): 中原優祐、石塚正秀、黒崎泰典、中村公一、Gantsetseg Batdelger、萩野裕章、南光一樹、鈴木覚
  • Organizer: 平成29年度土木学会四国支部第23回技術研究発表会
• [Presentation] 黄砂数値予測はなぜ当たらない？ (2017)
  • Author(s): 黒崎泰典
  • Organizer: 平成28年度黄砂共同研究連絡会
  • Place of Presentation: 鳥取県衛生環境研究所大会議室, 鳥取県東伯郡湯梨浜町
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Regional characteristics of recent dust occurrence and its controlling factors in East Asia (2016)
  • Author(s): Jing WU, Yasunori KUROSAKI, Masato SHINODA, and Kenji KAI
  • Organizer: 2016年度日本気象学会秋季大会
  • Place of Presentation: 名古屋大学東山キャンパス, 名古屋市千種区
  • Year and Date: 2016-10-26
• [Presentation] Soil erodibility over Mongolia (2016)
  • Author(s): Dulam Jugder
  • Organizer: International Asian Dust Workshop & WMO SDS-WAS meetings
  • Place of Presentation: National Institute of Meteorological Sciences, Jeju, S. Korea.
  • Year and Date: 2016-09-20
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Observational study of dust emission under different ground surface conditions in desert steppe, Mongolia (2016)
  • Author(s): Batdelger Gantsetseg
  • Organizer: International Asian Dust Workshop & WMO SDS-WAS meetings
  • Place of Presentation: National Institute of Meteorological Sciences, Jeju, S. Korea
  • Year and Date: 2016-09-20
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Possible key erodibility factors for dust emission in the Gobi Desert - findings from studies in the Project Asian Dust, Tottori University (2016)
  • Author(s): Y. Kurosaki, M. Ishizuka, G. Batdelger, B. Batjargal, Y. Yamada, M. Mikami, A. Abulaiti, M. Shinoda, D. Jugder
  • Organizer: Twelfth International Conference on Development of Drylands (ICDD)
  • Place of Presentation: Bibliotheca Alexandrina, Alexandria, Egypt
  • Year and Date: 2016-08-21
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Monitoring aeolian erodibility using synoptic data for preparedness of dust hazard (2016)
  • Author(s): Y. Kurosaki
  • Organizer: Twelfth International Conference on Development of Drylands (ICDD)
  • Place of Presentation: Bibliotheca Alexandrina, Alexandria, Egypt
  • Year and Date: 2016-08-21
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Simulation of WRF-CHEM model for dust concentration over Mongolia (2016)
  • Author(s): Batjargal BUYANTOGTOKH, Yasunori KUROSAKI, Tsuyoshi SEKIYAMA, and Ganhuyag BATJARGAL
  • Organizer: International Workshop on Outbreaks of Asian Dust and Environmental Regime Shift - Third JSPS Seminar
  • Place of Presentation: Puma Imperial Hotel, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
  • Year and Date: 2016-08-07
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Possible key aeolian erodibility factors in a norther area of the Gobi Desert, Mongolia (2016)
  • Author(s): Yasunori Kurosaki, Masahide Ishizuka, Batdelger Gantsetseg, Buyantogtoh Batjargal, Yutaka Yamada, Masato Shinoda, Masao Mikami, and Dulam Jugder
  • Organizer: The 9th International Conference on Aeolian Research (ICAR IX)
  • Place of Presentation: Quality Hotel Mildura Grand, Mildura, Australia
  • Year and Date: 2016-07-03
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Field observations of saltation and dust emission under crusted ground surface in desert steppe, Mongolia (2016)
  • Author(s): Masahide Ishizuka, Yasunori Kurosaki, Batdelger Gantsetseg, Yutaka Yamada, Dulam Jugder, and Masao Mikami
  • Organizer: The 9th International Conference on Aeolian Research (ICAR IX)
  • Place of Presentation: Quality Hotel Mildura Grand, Mildura, Australia
  • Year and Date: 2016-07-03
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Case study simulation of WRF-Chem model for forecasting dust concentration over Mongolia (2016)
  • Author(s): Batjargal Buyantogtokh, Yasunori Kurosaki, Jadamba Batbayar
  • Organizer: 2nd International Conference on Atmospheric Dust (DUST 2016)
  • Place of Presentation: Castellaneta Marina, Italy
  • Year and Date: 2016-06-12
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Spatial distribution and interannual variation of subsurface soil moisture conditions over a steppe in Mongolia (2016)
  • Author(s): Dai Matsushima, Reiji Kimura, Yasunori Kurosaki, and Masato Shinoda
  • Organizer: International Symposium on Agricultural Meteorology
  • Place of Presentation: Okayama (Japan)
  • Year and Date: 2016-03-14
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] 水分供給を受けた表層土壌のクラスト形成に関する基礎実験 (2016)
  • Author(s): 爲房昭光, 石塚正秀, Batdelger Gantsetseg, 黒崎泰典
  • Organizer: 平成28年度土木学会四国支部第22回技術研究発表会
  • Place of Presentation: 高知工科大学香美キャンパス, 香美（高知県）
• [Presentation] 黄砂多発の原因は風、それとも砂漠化？ (2016)
  • Author(s): 黒崎泰典
  • Organizer: 第55回 知の拠点セミナー（国立大学共同利用・共同研究拠点協議会）
  • Place of Presentation: 京都大学東京オフィス（丸の内ビル）, 東京
• [Presentation] モンゴル、黄砂研究の最前線 (2016)
  • Author(s): 黒崎泰典
  • Organizer: ナレッジキャピタル超学校
  • Place of Presentation: CAFE Lab. / グランフロント大阪 北館 ナレッジキャピタル1F, 大阪
• [Presentation] Field Observation of Dust Emission at Tsogt-Ovoo, Mongolia (2015)
  • Author(s): Y. KUROSAKI, M. ISHIZUKA, M. MIKAMI, Y. YAMADA, E. NISHIHARA, M. SHINODA, D. JUGDER, G. BATDELGER, B. BATJARGAL
  • Organizer: International Symposium on Preparedness for Dust Hazard
  • Place of Presentation: Tottori (Japan)
  • Year and Date: 2015-09-18
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Dust characteristics in the northern Gobi Desert, Mongolia in spring 2015 (2015)
  • Author(s): Batdelger GANTSETSEG, Masahide ISHIZUKA, Yasunori KUROSAKI, Yutaka YAMADA, and, Masao Mikami
  • Organizer: International Symposium on Preparedness for Dust Hazard
  • Place of Presentation: Tottori (Japan)
  • Year and Date: 2015-09-18
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Regional characteristics and controlling factors for dust occurrence in east Asia during the period 1999-2013 (2015)
  • Author(s): Jing WU, Yasunori KUROSAKI, Masato SHINODA, and Kenji KAI
  • Organizer: International Symposium on Preparedness for Dust Hazard
  • Place of Presentation: Tottori (Japan)
  • Year and Date: 2015-09-18
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Field observation of dust front in the Gobi Desert, Mongolia - IOP in Spring 2014 - (2015)
  • Author(s): Ishizuka, M., Kurosaki Y., Gantsetseg, B., Yamada, Y., and M. Mikami
  • Organizer: International Symposium on Preparedness for Dust Hazard
  • Place of Presentation: Tottori (Japan)
  • Year and Date: 2015-09-18
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Measurements of dust (PM2.5 and PM10) at the Gobi Desert in spring 2015 (2015)
  • Author(s): Batdelger GANTSETSEG, Masahide ISHIZUKA, Yasunori KUROSAKI, and Yutaka YAMADA
  • Organizer: International Workshop on Outbreaks of Asian Dust and Environmental Regime Shift - Second JSPS Seminar
  • Place of Presentation: Lanzhou (China)
  • Year and Date: 2015-08-09
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Book] Chapter 2. Climate of Mongolia (Rangeland Ecosystems of Mongolia, edited by Jamsran UNDARMAA, Kenji TAMURA, Natsagdorj LUVSAN, and Norikazu YAMANAKA) (2018)
  • Author(s): Purevjav GOMBOLUUDEV, Yasunori KUROSAKI, Luvsan NATSAGDORJ, and Byamba-Ochir MUNKHBAT
  • Total Pages: 34
  • Publisher: Munkhiin Useg Co. Ltd.
  • ISBN: 9789997825674
• [Book] 黄砂 - 健康・生活環境への影響と対策 (2016)
  • Author(s): 黒崎泰典, 黒沢洋一, 篠田雅人, 山中和典（編集）
  • Total Pages: 150
  • Publisher: 丸善出版