Finding robust solutions against outbreak of cracked rice

• Project/Area Number: 15K18628
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Research Field: Science in genetics and breeding
• Research Institution: Utsunomiya University
• Principal Investigator: Ohnishi Takayuki 宇都宮大学, 農学部, 准教授 (60722311)
• Project Period (FY): 2015-04-01 – 2019-03-31
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2018)
• Budget Amount: ¥4,160,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥960,000); Fiscal Year 2017: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000); Fiscal Year 2016: ¥1,560,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥360,000); Fiscal Year 2015: ¥1,560,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥360,000)
• Keywords: イネ / オルガネラゲノム / 胴割れ米

Outline of Final Research Achievements

The unusually high temperature in summer induces mass outbreak of cracked rice and reduces the quality of rice. Most of the measures aimed at reducing the outbreak of cracked rice are temporary measures such as review of cultivation methods and storage methods of rice, and a more effective robust solution is needed. We have clarified that the organelle genomes are involved in development of cracked rice, and substitution of organelle genome can suppress the development of cracked rice. Forcusing on the genes encoded in organelle genomes, It has been suggested that changes occur in the processing of certain genes.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

地球温暖化による夏季の異常高温が，胴割れ米を誘発し，コメの品質低下を引き起こしている．胴割れ米の発生低減にむけた対策の多くは，栽培方法や籾米の保存方法の見直しといった応急的な処置であり，より効果の高い根治的解決策が切望されている．本研究の成果から，夏季の高温による胴割れ米の発生を抑制できるような対策の開発が期待できる．特に，本研究成果からは，遺伝子組換えに頼らずに交配による改良が見込まれ早期の実用化が可能となるという利点がある．

Research Products

• [Journal Article] Production of a desirable Brassica oleraceaCMS line using an alloplasmic B. rapaCMS line carrying Diplotaxis erucoides cytoplasm as a bridge plant (2018)
  • Author(s): Yoshiaki Fujita, Keita Sunaga, Su‐Hyeun Shim, Wataru Yamada, Takayuki Ohnishi, Sang Woo Bang
  • Journal Title: plant breeding Volume: 137 Issue: 2 Pages: 162-170
  • DOI: 10.1111/pbr.12565
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Optimized Method of Extracting Rice Chloroplast DNA for High-Quality Plastome Resequencing and de Novo Assembly (2018)
  • Author(s): Takamatsu Takeshi、Baslam Marouane、Inomata Takuya、Oikawa Kazusato、Itoh Kimiko、Ohnishi Takayuki、Kinoshita Tetsu、Mitsui Toshiaki
  • Journal Title: Frontiers in Plant Science Volume: 9 Pages: 1-13
  • DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00266
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Diplotaxis erucoides 由来の外来性オルガネラゲノムを導入したBrassica napus における部分的雄性不稔性回復機構の探索 (2019)
  • Author(s): 藤田 祥明, 沈 受炫, 大西 孝幸, 房 相佑
  • Organizer: 日本育種学会
• [Presentation] Diplotaxis erucoides 細胞質をもつBrassica 栽培3 種における雄性配偶体形成 (2018)
  • Author(s): 藤田 祥明, 沈 受炫, 大西 孝幸, 房 相佑
  • Organizer: 日本育種学会
• [Presentation] イネのオルガネラゲノムのリシーケンス (2015)
  • Author(s): 大西 孝幸, 高松 壮, 及川 和聡, 猪俣 拓也, 田中 啓介, 古海 弘康, 倉田 のり, 小林 久人, 三ツ井 敏明, 木下 哲
  • Organizer: 日本育種学会
  • Place of Presentation: 新潟大学
  • Year and Date: 2015-09-11