Deepen the nitrogen cycle in the paleoceanography

• Project/Area Number: 16H02236
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Section: 一般
• Research Field: Stratigraphy/Paleontology
• Research Institution: Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology
• Principal Investigator: OHKOUCHI Naohiko 国立研究開発法人海洋研究開発機構, 生物地球化学研究分野, 分野長 (00281832)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 吉川 知里 国立研究開発法人海洋研究開発機構, 生物地球化学研究分野, 技術研究員 (40435839)
• Research Collaborator: CHIKAMOTO Megumi
• Project Period (FY): 2016-04-01 – 2019-03-31
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2018)
• Budget Amount: ¥41,470,000 (Direct Cost: ¥31,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥9,570,000); Fiscal Year 2018: ¥12,350,000 (Direct Cost: ¥9,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,850,000); Fiscal Year 2017: ¥13,650,000 (Direct Cost: ¥10,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,150,000); Fiscal Year 2016: ¥15,470,000 (Direct Cost: ¥11,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,570,000)
• Keywords: 窒素サイクル / 窒素 / 同位体比 / 窒素同位体比 / 生物地球化学 / 古海洋

Outline of Final Research Achievements

We have determined the nitrogen isotopic composition of chlorophyll a in the water column and shallow sediments and discussed its controlling factor. We also measured nitrogen isotopic composition of (geo)porphyrins, geological derivatives of chlorophylls in the deep sea sediments and sedimentary rocks formed in ancient time. With these information, we carefully evaluated and confirmed that the nitrogen isotopic composition of chlorophyll is long preserved in the porphyrins conservatively. With this isotopic information, we can reconstruct the nitrogen cycle in the surface water of the geological past.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

海洋の生物生産，つまりバイオマスを決めているのは主に海洋表層における窒素サイクルである。本研究は，その窒素サイクルの過去の変遷を明らかにするために，クロロフィルの窒素同位体比が利用できることを明らかにした。またクロロフィルが堆積物中で変質して生成されるポルフィリンの窒素同位体比が，クロロフィルのそれをそのまま保持していることを明らかにした。窒素サイクルは炭素サイクルを駆動するエンジンでもあるため，過去の表層窒素サイクルは，過去の気候変動を復元するうえで必須の情報となる。海洋の生物資源量を考えるうえでも重要な情報となるであろう。

Research Products

• [Int'l Joint Research] オーストラリア国立大学/ジオサイエンス・オーストラリア(オーストラリア)
• [Int'l Joint Research] フロリダ州立大学(米国)
• [Int'l Joint Research] モデナ大学(イタリア)
• [Int'l Joint Research] グラナダ大学(スペイン)
• [Journal Article] Efficient recycling of nutrients in modern and past hypersaline environments (2019)
  • Author(s): Isaji Y.、Kawahata H.、Ogawa N. O.、Kuroda J.、Yoshimura T.、Jimenez-Espejo F. J.、Makabe A.、Shibuya T.、Lugli S.、Santulli A.、Manzi V.、Roveri M.、Ohkouchi N.
  • Journal Title: Scientific Reports Volume: 9 Issue: 1 Pages: 3718-3718
  • DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40174-9
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Fractionation of stable nitrogen isotopes (¹⁵N/¹⁴N) during enzymatic deamination of glutamic acid: Implications for mass and energy transfers in the biosphere (2018)
  • Author(s): A.S Goto, M.T. Miura, T. Korenaga, T. Hasegawa, N. Ohkouchi, Y. Chikaraizhi
  • Journal Title: GEOCHEMICAL JOURNAL Volume: 52 Issue: 3 Pages: 273-280
  • DOI: 10.2343/geochemj.2.0513
  • NAID: 130007379059
  • ISSN: 0016-7002, 1880-5973
  • Year and Date: 2018-05-30
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] 1.1 billion years old porphyrins and their isotopic composition establish a marine ecosystem dominated by bacterial primary producers. (2018)
  • Author(s): Gueneli, N., McKenna, A. M., Ohkouchi, N., Boreham, C., Beghin, J., Javaux, E. J., and Brocks, J. J.
  • Journal Title: Proceedings of the National Academy of Science, USA Volume: 115 Issue: 30
  • DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1803866115
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Nitrate isotope distributions in the subarctic and subtropical North Pacific. (2018)
  • Author(s): Yoshikawa, C., Makabe, A., Matsui, Y., Nunoura, T., and Ohkouchi, N.
  • Journal Title: Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems Volume: 19 Issue: 7 Pages: 2212-2224
  • DOI: 10.1029/2018gc007528
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Nitrogen isotopic fractionation in ammonia during adsorption on silicate surface. (2017)
  • Author(s): Sugahara, H., Takano, Y., Ogawa, N.O., Chikaraishi, Y. and Ohkouchi, N.
  • Journal Title: ACS Earth and Space Chemistry Volume: 1 Issue: 1 Pages: 24-29
  • DOI: 10.1021/acsearthspacechem.6b00006
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Biological and physical modification of carbonate system parameters along the salinity gradient in shallow hypersaline solar salterns in Trapani, Italy (2017)
  • Author(s): Isaji Y., H. Kawahata, J. Kuroda, T. Yoshimura, N. O. Ogawa, A. Suzuki, T. Shibuya, F. J. Jimenez-Espejo, S. Lugli, A. Santulli, V. Manzi, M. Roveri, and N. Ohkouchi
  • Journal Title: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta Volume: 印刷中 Pages: 354-367
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.gca.2017.04.013
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Fractionation of nitrogen isotopes during amino acid metabolism in heterotrophic and chemolithoautotrophic microbes across Eukarya, Bacteria, and Archaea: Effects of nitrogen sources and metabolic pathways (2017)
  • Author(s): Yamaguchi Yasuhiko T.、Chikaraishi Yoshito、Takano Yoshinori、Ogawa Nanako O.、Imachi Hiroyuki、Yokoyama Yusuke、Ohkouchi Naohiko
  • Journal Title: Organic Geochemistry Volume: 111 Pages: 101-112
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.orggeochem.2017.04.004
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Compound-specific carbon and nitrogen isotopic compositions of chlorophyll a and its derivatives reveal the eutrophication history of Lake Zurich (Switzerland) (2016)
  • Author(s): Naeher S, Suga H, Ogawa NO, Schubert CJ, Grice K, Ohkouchi N
  • Journal Title: Chemical Geology Volume: 443 Pages: 210-219
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2016.09.005
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Distributions and compound-specific isotopic signatures of sedimentary chlorins reflect the composition of phototrophic communities and carbon and nitrogen sources in Swiss lakes and the Black Sea (2016)
  • Author(s): Naeher S, Suga H, Ogawa NO, Takano Y, Grice K, Ohkouchi N
  • Journal Title: Chemical Geology Volume: 443 Pages: 198-209
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2016.04.029
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Widespread collapse of the Ross Ice Shelf during the late Holocene. (2016)
  • Author(s): Yokoyama, Y., Anderson, J. B., Yamane, M., Simikins, L. M., Miyairi, Y., Yamazaki, T., Koizumi, M., Suga, H., Kusahara, K., Prothro, L., Hasumi, H., Southon, J. R., and Ohkouchi, N.
  • Journal Title: Proceedings of National Academy of Science, USA Volume: 113 Issue: 9 Pages: 2354-2359
  • DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1516908113
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Porphyrins reveal modes of nitrogen cycle controlled by chemocline depth under density-stratified condition during the Messinian Salinity Crisis (2018)
  • Author(s): Y. Isaji
  • Organizer: JpGU
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] 海洋中のヘムと多次元安定同位体比測定法の開発 (2018)
  • Author(s): 伊左治雄太
  • Organizer: 地球化学会
• [Presentation] 海洋窒素同位体モデルで窒素同位体比の季節変化の海域特性を明らかにする (2018)
  • Author(s): 吉川千里
  • Organizer: 地球化学会
• [Presentation] Multi-element, compound-specific isotope analysis of chloropigments: Insights into the biogeochemical cycle of the microbial mat in the shallow hypersaline environment (2017)
  • Author(s): Isaji, Y., Kawahata, H., Kuroda, J., Yoshimura, T., Ogawa, N.O., Araoka, D., Makabe, A., Suzuki, A., Shibuya, T., Jimenez-Espejo, F.J., Takano, Y., Lugli, S., Santulli, A., Manzi, V., Roveri, M., Ohkouchi, N
  • Organizer: JpGU-AGU Joint Meeting 2017
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] ポルフィリン窒素同位体比から明らかにする地中海塩分危機時の窒素循環 (2017)
  • Author(s): 伊左治 雄太、川幡 穂高、高野 淑識、小川 奈々子、黒田 潤一郎、吉村 寿紘、Francisco J. Jimenez-Espejo, Stefono Lugli, Vinicio Manzi, Marco Roveri, 大河内 直彦
  • Organizer: 第35回有機地球化学シンポジウム
• [Presentation] Widening the Application of Compound-Specific Isotope Analysis to Less Volatile Molecules (2016)
  • Author(s): N. OHKOUCHI
  • Organizer: Goldschmidt Conference 2016
  • Place of Presentation: パシフィコ横浜（神奈川県横浜市）
  • Year and Date: 2016-06-29
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] 最終氷期以降における西南極氷床の融解史：批判的レビュー (2016)
  • Author(s): 大河内直彦
  • Organizer: 日本地球惑星科学連合2016年大会
  • Place of Presentation: 幕張メッセ（千葉県千葉市）
  • Year and Date: 2016-05-24
  • Invited
• [Presentation] 有機物の同位体組成：最近の展開 (2016)
  • Author(s): 大河内直彦
  • Organizer: 第64回質量分析総合討論会
  • Place of Presentation: ホテル阪急エキスポパーク（大阪府吹田市）
  • Year and Date: 2016-05-19
  • Invited
• [Remarks] 大河内直彦 業績
  • URL: http://www.jamstec.go.jp/res/ress/nohkouchi/publication_j.html