Understanding of the properties of interstellar dust based on laboratory experiment and infrared observations

• Project/Area Number: 16H05997
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (A)
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Research Field: Astronomy
• Research Institution: The University of Tokyo
• Principal Investigator: SAKON ITSUKI 東京大学, 大学院理学系研究科(理学部), 助教 (70451820)
• Research Collaborator: ENDO IZUMI
• Project Period (FY): 2016-04-01 – 2019-03-31
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2018)
• Budget Amount: ¥24,050,000 (Direct Cost: ¥18,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥5,550,000); Fiscal Year 2018: ¥4,030,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥930,000); Fiscal Year 2017: ¥4,940,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,140,000); Fiscal Year 2016: ¥15,080,000 (Direct Cost: ¥11,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,480,000)
• Keywords: 星間有機物 / 赤外線天文学 / 実験天文学 / 国際宇宙ステーション / 星間ダスト / Origins Space Telesxope / Thirty Meter Telescope / 宇宙暴露実験 / 赤外線 / ダスト / 星間物質 / ダスト合成実験 / 未同定赤外バンド / 新星 / 星間化学 / 宇宙曝露実験 / きぼう実験棟 / 面分光 / 宇宙空間

Outline of Final Research Achievements

This study aims to understand the properties of organics formed around novae and massive evolved star based on dust synthesis/alternation experiment and infrared astronomical observations. We have carried out the space exposure experiment of dust particles synthesized in the laboratory to examine the lifecycle of interstellar organics. We have succeeded in synthesizing laboratory organics that mimic the organics formed around classical novae via plasma chemical vapor deposition (CVD) using 2.45 GHz microwave discharge. We also have identified the infrared spectral characteristics in the samples collected back from the space exposure experiment that linked to those of insoluble organic molecules (IOM) in carbonaceous condorite. I have carried out the science planning and the study of instrument conceptual design for the next generation infrared space/ground-based missions.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究は、宇宙ダストおよび宇宙に存在する有機物の物性理解および起源と進化の一生の理解に焦点を当てた研究である。特に昨今の系外惑星研究の進展に伴い、有機物がいかに太陽系にもたらされ、生命活動と関係するかなどは、次世代の天文学における重要な研究テーマである。本研究結果は、それらに対して、ダストや有機物の合成実験と分析に基づき明確な物質情報を与え、将来の赤外線天文学や系外惑星研究の解釈の根拠となる基礎データとなる。同時に、本研究を通じて、日本が国際的な責務として担当すべき次世代の国際天文学ミッションへの寄与を担った。

Research Products

• [Int'l Joint Research] NASA Ames Research Center/NASA Goddard Space Flight Center/Space Telescope Science Institute(米国)
• [Int'l Joint Research] Tezpur University/Banaras Hindu University(インド)
• [Int'l Joint Research] NASA Ames Research Center/NASA SOFIA Science Center/California Institute of Technology(米国)
• [Int'l Joint Research] NASA/Ames Research Center/NASA/GSFC(米国)
• [Int'l Joint Research] University of Texas at San Antonio/University of California, Davis/University of Hawaii(米国)
• [Int'l Joint Research] Tezpur University/Tata Institute of Fundamental Research(インド)
• [Journal Article] Space Exposure Experiment of Carbonaceous Dust (2018)
  • Author(s): 左近 樹, 遠藤 いずみ, 池内 綾人, 尾中 敬, 木村 勇気, 木村 誠二, 和田 節子, 中村 正人, 市村 淳, 小川 奈々子, 大河内 直彦, 稲富 裕光
  • Journal Title: Aeronautical and Space Sciences Japan Volume: 66 Issue: 12 Pages: 381-387
  • DOI: 10.14822/kjsass.66.12_381
  • NAID: 130007534708
  • ISSN: 0021-4663, 2424-1369
  • Year and Date: 2018-12-05
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] The mid-infrared imager, spectrometer, coronagraph (MISC) for the Origins Space telescope (OST) (2018)
  • Author(s): Sakon, I., Roellig, T. L., Ennico-Smith, K., Matsuo, T., Ikeda, Y., Yamamuro, T., Fujishiro, N., Enya, K., Takahashi, A., Wada, T., Guyon, O., Kotani, T., Nishikawa, J., Murakami, N., Sarugaku, Y., Burgarella, D.
  • Journal Title: Proceedings of the SPIE Volume: 10698 Pages: 1-9
  • DOI: 10.1117/12.2314177
  • NAID: 120006827313
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] A highly stable spectrophotometric capability for the Origins Space Telescope (OST) mid-infrared imager, spectrometer, coronagraph (MISC) (2018)
  • Author(s): T. Matsuo, T. Greene, T. Roellig et al.
  • Journal Title: Proceedings of SPIE Volume: 10698 Pages: 1-12
  • DOI: 10.1117/12.2311896
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] PIAA coronagraph for Origins Space telescope (OST) mid-infrared imager, spectrometer, coronagraph (MISC) instrument (2018)
  • Author(s): Fujishiro, N.、Sakon, I.、Enya, K.、Guyon, O.、Nishikawa, J.、Murakami, N.、Kotani, T.、 Tamura, M.,、Takahashi, A.、Roellig, T. L.、Ennico-Smith, K.
  • Journal Title: Proceedings of the SPIE Volume: 10706 Pages: 1-10
  • DOI: 10.1117/12.2313066
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] The key science drivers for MICHI: a thermal-infrared instrument for the TMT (2018)
  • Author(s): Packham, C., Honda, M., Chun, M., Sakon, I., Richter, M.,Okamoto, Y., Kataza, H., Marois, C., Meyer, M., Puravankara, M., Birkby, J., Crossfield, I., Curry, T., Greathouse, T., Herczeg, G., Ichikawa, K., Inami, H., Imanishi, M., Lopez-Rodriguez, E.
  • Journal Title: Proceedings of the SPIE Volume: 10702 Pages: 1-12
  • DOI: 10.1117/12.2313967
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] The Origins Space Telescope (2018)
  • Author(s): Battersby, C., et al.
  • Journal Title: Nature Astronomy Volume: 2 Issue: 8 Pages: 596-599
  • DOI: 10.1038/s41550-018-0540-y
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Properties of Infrared Emission of Novae Detected in AKARI All Sky Survey (2018)
  • Author(s): Sakon, I., Shimamoto, S., Onaka, T., Osawa, R., Ishihara, D., Usui, F., Ootsubo, T., Doi, Y.
  • Journal Title: JAXA Special Publication: The Cosmic Wheel and the Legacy of the AKARI archive: from galaxies and stars to planets and life Volume: JAXA-SP-17-009E Pages: 281-284
  • NAID: 120006827356
  • Open Access
• [Journal Article] Infrared property of nitrogen-included carbonaceous dust produced via microwave discharge and its comparison with the observed unidentified infrared (UIR) bands (2018)
  • Author(s): Endo, I., Sakon I., Onaka, T., Kimura, S., Wada, S., Ogawa, N., Ohkouchi, N., Yabuta, H.,
  • Journal Title: JAXA Special Publication: The Cosmic Wheel and the Legacy of the AKARI archive: from galaxies and stars to planets and life Volume: JAXA-SP-17-009E Pages: 305-308
  • NAID: 120006827362
  • Open Access
• [Journal Article] Mid-Infrared Imager, Spectrometer, Coronagraph (MISC) for the Origins Space Telescope (OST) (2018)
  • Author(s): Sakon, I., Roellig, T. L., Ennico-Smith, K., Matsuo, T., Ikeda, Y., Yamamuro, T., Fujishiro, N., Enya, K., Takahashi, A., Wada, T., Guyon, O., Kotani, T., Nishikawa, J., Murakami, N., Sarugaku, Y., Burgarella, D.
  • Journal Title: JAXA Special Publication: The Cosmic Wheel and the Legacy of the AKARI archive: from galaxies and stars to planets and life Volume: JAXA-SP-17-009E Pages: 67-70
  • NAID: 120006827313
  • Open Access
• [Journal Article] Properties of Infrared Emission of Novae Detected in AKARI All Sky Survey (2018)
  • Author(s): Itsuki Sakon, Sayaka Shimamoto, Takashi Onaka et al.
  • Journal Title: JAXA Special Publication Volume: JAXA-SP-17-009E Pages: 281-284
  • NAID: 120006827356
  • Open Access
• [Journal Article] Infrared property of nitrogen-included carbonaceous dust produced via microwave discharge and its comparison with the observed unidentified infrared (UIR) bands (2018)
  • Author(s): Izumi Endo, Itsuki Sakon, Takashi Onaka et al.
  • Journal Title: JAXA Special Publication Volume: JAXA-SP-17-009E Pages: 305-308
  • NAID: 120006827362
  • Open Access
• [Journal Article] 宇宙環境曝露による炭素質ダストの変性 (2018)
  • Author(s): 左近 樹、池内綾人、遠藤いずみ、他
  • Journal Title: 宇宙科学技術連合講演会講演集 Volume: JSASS-2017
  • Open Access
• [Journal Article] Mid-Infrared Imager, Spectrometer, Coronagraph (MISC) for the Origins Space Telescope (OST) (2018)
  • Author(s): Itsuki Sakon, Thomas L. Roellig, Kimberly Ennico-Smith et al.
  • Journal Title: JAXA Special Publication Volume: JAXA-SP-17-009E Pages: 67-70
  • NAID: 120006827313
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] A trial production of a large format image slicer unit for a possible future mid-infrared instrument on the TMT (2016)
  • Author(s): Sakon, I., et al.
  • Journal Title: SPIE Volume: 9912 Pages: 99125T-99125T
  • DOI: 10.1117/12.2232781
  • Int'l Joint Research / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Sensitivity estimates for the SPICA Mid-Infrared Instrument (SMI) (2016)
  • Author(s): Sakon I., et al.
  • Journal Title: SPIE Volume: 9904 Pages: 99043V-99043V
  • DOI: 10.1117/12.2232402
  • Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Presentation] Mission Concept Studies for the 2020 Decadal Survey ; Origins Space Telescope (OST) Final Mission Concept (2019)
  • Author(s): 左近 樹
  • Organizer: 日本天文学会2019年春季年会
• [Presentation] MISC Instrument (2018)
  • Author(s): Itsuki Sakon
  • Organizer: ‘From First Stars to Life: Science with the Origins Space Telescope’
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] The study of Mid-Infrared Imager and Spectrometer (MISC) for Origins Space Telescope (OST) Mission Concept 2 (2018)
  • Author(s): 左近 樹
  • Organizer: 日本天文学会2018年秋季年会
• [Presentation] Space Exposure Experiment of Laboratory-Synthesized Carbonaceous Solids using ISS/KIBO/ExHAM; Project Overview (2018)
  • Author(s): Itsuki Sakon
  • Organizer: 42nd COSPAR Scientific Assembly
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] 宇宙環境曝露実験によって探る炭素質星間塵の性質 (2018)
  • Author(s): 左近 樹
  • Organizer: 日本天文学会2018年春季年会
• [Presentation] 宇宙環境曝露実験によって探る炭素質星間塵の性質 (2018)
  • Author(s): 左近 樹
  • Organizer: 日本天文学会２０１８年春季年会
• [Presentation] 窒素含有炭素質ダストの合成実験 (2018)
  • Author(s): 遠藤いずみ
  • Organizer: 日本天文学会２０１８年春季年会
• [Presentation] Mission Concept Studies for the 2020 Decadal Survey ; The study of Mid-Infrared Imager, Spectrometer, Coronagraph (MISC) for Origins Space Telescope (OST) (2017)
  • Author(s): 左近 樹
  • Organizer: 日本天文学会２０１７年秋季年会
• [Presentation] Properties of Infrared Emission of Novae Detected in AKARI All Sky Survey (2017)
  • Author(s): Itsuki Sakon
  • Organizer: The Cosmic Wheel and the Legacy of the AKARI archive : from galaxies and stars to planets and life
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Mid-Infrared Imager, Spectrometer, Coronagraph (MISC) for the Origins Space Telescope (OST) (2017)
  • Author(s): Itsuki Sakon
  • Organizer: The Cosmic Wheel and the Legacy of the AKARI archive : from galaxies and stars to planets and life
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] 国際宇宙ステーション「きぼう」利用 簡易曝露実験装置ExHAMを利用した炭素質ダストの宇宙曝露実験 (3) (2017)
  • Author(s): 左近 樹
  • Organizer: 日本天文学会2017年春季年会
  • Place of Presentation: 九州大学 (福岡県 福岡市)
• [Presentation] Mission Concept Studies for the 2020 Decadal Survey; Origins Space Telescope (2017)
  • Author(s): 左近 樹
  • Organizer: 日本天文学会2017年春季年会
  • Place of Presentation: 九州大学 (福岡県 福岡市)
• [Presentation] QCCプロジェクト進捗報告～曝露実験試料の現状 (2016)
  • Author(s): 左近 樹、他
  • Organizer: 第60回宇宙科学技術連合講演会
  • Place of Presentation: 函館アリーナ(北海道 函館市)
• [Presentation] 国際宇宙ステーション「きぼう」利用 簡易曝露実験装置ExHAMを利用した炭素質ダストの宇宙環境曝露実験 (2) (2016)
  • Author(s): 左近 樹
  • Organizer: 日本天文学会2016年秋季年会
  • Place of Presentation: 愛媛大学(愛媛県 松山市)
• [Remarks] The MISC for Origins Space Telescope
  • URL: http://exoplanets.astron.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp/OST/MISC/index_misc.html
• [Remarks] 「きぼう」利用 一般区分 科学研究テーマ 「炭素質固体微粒子の宇宙風化と有機物進化の実証研究」
  • URL: http://exoplanets.astron.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp/QCC/index.html
• [Remarks] 2019年度Tanpopo2 曝露実験サンプル(QCC型)
  • URL: http://exoplanets.astron.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp/QCC/index_tanpopo2_qcc-type.html
• [Remarks] The MIR Imager Spectrometer Coronagraph for OST
  • URL: http://exoplanets.astron.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp/OST/MISC/index_misc.html
• [Remarks] OST/MISC
  • URL: http://exoplanets.astron.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp/OST/MISC/index_misc.html
• [Remarks] Sensitivity Estimate for SPICA/SMI
  • URL: http://exoplanets.astron.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp/SPICA/SENSITIVITY/index_smi.html