| Budget Amount *help |
¥4,550,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,050,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
Fiscal Year 2017: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
Fiscal Year 2016: ¥1,690,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥390,000)
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Mali's one of main commodities, cotton, has marked a significant decline in its price since the 2000s. This leads to poverty spread in the rural area and the urbanization of population has been accelerated. These significant economic and social changes have motivated rural women to diversify their means of cash income to sustain households. Rural women are involved in many types of economic activities in which shea butter production have been historically women’s monopoly. Some producers commenced organizing into collective associations through which they jointly produce and expand the method of “ameliorated better.” This newly introduced method has contributed to obtain a better quality of the final product so that women’s income increased enough to compensate male husbands’ income decrease. We additionally located several cooperatives which had their member women elected as a representative in the village council to promote the status of women.
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