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Cognitive processes of perceived descriptive norms

Research Project

Project/Area Number 16K04278
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Research Field Social psychology
Research InstitutionNara University

Principal Investigator

Murakami Fumio  奈良大学, 社会学部, 教授 (30397088)

Project Period (FY) 2016-04-01 – 2023-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2022)
Budget Amount *help
¥4,290,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥990,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥780,000 (Direct Cost: ¥600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥180,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000)
Fiscal Year 2017: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000)
Fiscal Year 2016: ¥1,170,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥270,000)
Keywords記述的規範 / 逸脱行動 / 情報的影響 / 認知バイアス / 規範認知 / 社会心理学 / 社会系心理学
Outline of Final Research Achievements

Previous studies revealed that one of the determinants of people's decision to comply or deviate from a norm is their perception of the extent to which others around them comply with that norm (perceived descriptive norm). However, this cognition is not always accurate. In this study, we examined the mechanism of the discrepancy between perceived descriptive norm and actual norm compliance, focusing mainly on whether the behavior (whether or not the person complies with the norm) is observable from the surroundings. The results of the studies revealed that distortions of perceived descriptive norms are greater for norms that are less observable. In addition, it was shown that when people infer descriptive norms, they do so by associating them with different norms that they were aware of immediately before.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

社会的な規範が遵守されるか否かは、個人の倫理観で決まるというよりも、周囲の他者がどの程度その規範を遵守しているかという認知を通じて、一種の「相場観」が形成されやすい。しかし、その認知(本研究では「記述的規範認知」)は正確であるとは限らない。歪んだ認知に基づいて我々は規範に従うか否かを判断していることもある。本研究では、その認知の歪みをもたらす要因として、その規範的行為を遵守しているかを周囲から観察しやすいかどうかに注目した。観察しづらい行為については直接的に遵守率を把握できないため、認知バイアスが生じやすいことから、行政等で把握している情報の周知が必要であることが示唆される。

Report

(8 results)
  • 2022 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2021 Research-status Report
  • 2020 Research-status Report
  • 2019 Research-status Report
  • 2018 Research-status Report
  • 2017 Research-status Report
  • 2016 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (11 results)

All 2023 2021 2019 2018 2017 2016

All Journal Article (2 results) (of which Peer Reviewed: 1 results,  Open Access: 1 results) Presentation (8 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 1 results) Book (1 results)

  • [Journal Article] Self-Interested Framed and Prosocially Framed Messaging Can Equally Promote COVID-19 Prevention Intention: A Replication and Extension of Jordan et al.’s Study (2020) in the Japanese Context2021

    • Author(s)
      Miyajima, T & Murakami, F.
    • Journal Title

      Frontiers in Psychology

      Volume: 12

    • DOI

      10.3389/fpsyg.2021.605059

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] 記述的規範における認知バイアス:行為の観察可能性の効果の検討2017

    • Author(s)
      村上 史朗
    • Journal Title

      奈良大学紀要

      Volume: 45 Pages: 151-165

    • NAID

      120006239514

    • Related Report
      2016 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] 記述的規範認知に対するフレームの効果2023

    • Author(s)
      村上史朗
    • Organizer
      日本社会心理学会
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 文化的自己観の共有信念と感染予防行動意図の関連の検討2021

    • Author(s)
      村上史朗
    • Organizer
      日本グループ・ダイナミックス学会
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] 顕在的・潜在的自尊心の不一致と集団主義傾向の関連2019

    • Author(s)
      村上史朗
    • Organizer
      日本社会心理学会
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] 新しいルールの遵守を促進させる方略2018

    • Author(s)
      村上史朗
    • Organizer
      応用哲学会第10回年次大会
    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] 新しいルールの遵守を促進させる方略2018

    • Author(s)
      村上史朗
    • Organizer
      日本心理学会第82回大会
    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] 記述的規範における認知バイアス:行為の観察可能性の効果の検討2017

    • Author(s)
      村上史朗
    • Organizer
      日本グループ・ダイナミックス学会第64回大会
    • Related Report
      2017 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] 記述的規範認知のバイアスと関連する要因の検討2017

    • Author(s)
      村上史朗
    • Organizer
      日本社会心理学会第58回大会
    • Related Report
      2017 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] Pluralistic ignorance in descriptive norms: The effect of visibility of the behavior2016

    • Author(s)
      Fumio Murakami
    • Organizer
      International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology
    • Place of Presentation
      Nagoya, Japan
    • Year and Date
      2016-07-30
    • Related Report
      2016 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Book] 責任と法意識の人間科学(第8章「ルール遵守の促進要因と抑制要因」分担執筆)2018

    • Author(s)
      唐沢穣・松村良之・奥田太郎(編著)
    • Total Pages
      317
    • Publisher
      勁草書房
    • ISBN
      9784326403493
    • Related Report
      2017 Research-status Report

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Published: 2016-04-21   Modified: 2024-01-30  

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