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Investigation of neural correlates of cognitive inflexibility in autism spectrum disorder

Research Project

Project/Area Number 16K17363
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Research Field Experimental psychology
Research InstitutionShowa University

Principal Investigator

Itahashi Takashi  昭和大学, 発達障害医療研究所, 講師 (70636943)

Project Period (FY) 2016-04-01 – 2019-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2018)
Budget Amount *help
¥3,770,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥870,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥780,000 (Direct Cost: ¥600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥180,000)
Fiscal Year 2017: ¥1,560,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥360,000)
Fiscal Year 2016: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
Keywords自閉スペクトラム症 / 島皮質 / 安静時機能結合 / 聴覚 / 心的距離 / fMRI / 柔軟性 / 安静時fMRI / 認知的柔軟性
Outline of Final Research Achievements

We investigated the neural correlates of disrupted cognitive flexibility in adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) using resting-state fMRI, task-based fMRI, and behavioral tests. We first investigated whether the ASD group exhibited atypical functional differentiations in the insular cortices using resting-state fMRI and unsupervised machine learning. We observed atypical functional differentiations in bilateral insula. Notably, the ASD group exhibited enlarged sensorimotor regions in the anterior part of left insula and loss of the brain regions responsible for cognition and emotion. For task-based fMRI, we identified reduced brain activations in the bilateral superior temporal gyri during emotional prosodic processing. In addition, we also tried to investigate the effects of social and psychological distances on the cognitive flexibility.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

常同行為やそれに関連する認知的柔軟性の欠如は、ASD当事者の日常生活を送る上での様々な難しさと密接に関連していると考えられる。本研究はASDにおける認知的柔軟性の神経基盤を調査した。当初予定していた課題は負担が大きく変更を余儀なくされたが、認知的柔軟性に関わる脳機能ネットワークの中でも重要な役割をしていると考えられる島皮質の機能的な違いを明らかにしたことは、学術的意義があると考えられる。今後、心的距離などの様々な要因がどのようにASDの困難さと関わっているかを明らかにすることは社会的意義もあると予想される。

Report

(4 results)
  • 2018 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2017 Research-status Report
  • 2016 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (5 results)

All 2018 2017 2016

All Journal Article (1 results) (of which Peer Reviewed: 1 results,  Open Access: 1 results) Presentation (4 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 4 results)

  • [Journal Article] Altered functional organization within the insular cortex in adult males with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder: Evidence from connectivity-based parcellation2016

    • Author(s)
      Yamada T, Itahashi T, Nakamura M, Watanabe H, Kuroda M, Ohta H, Kanai C, Kato N, Hashimoto R
    • Journal Title

      Molecular Autism

      Volume: 7 Issue: 1 Pages: 41-41

    • DOI

      10.1186/s13229-016-0106-8

    • Related Report
      2016 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Presentation] Brain Dynamics During Speech Processing in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder2018

    • Author(s)
      Takashi Itahashi
    • Organizer
      OHBM 2018
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Neural Correlates of Implicit Emotional Prosodic Processing in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder2018

    • Author(s)
      Takashi Itahashi
    • Organizer
      OHBM 2018
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Neural Correlates of Implicit Emotional Prosodic Processing in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder2018

    • Author(s)
      Itahashi, T., et al.,
    • Organizer
      Organization for Human Brain Mapping 2018
    • Related Report
      2017 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Atypical global signal correlations in adult males with autism2017

    • Author(s)
      Itahashi, T., et al.
    • Organizer
      Organization for Human Brain Mapping 2017
    • Place of Presentation
      Vancouver, Canada
    • Year and Date
      2017-06-25
    • Related Report
      2016 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research

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Published: 2016-04-21   Modified: 2020-03-30  

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