Fundamental processes of formation of three-dimensional flow in magnetized plasma turbulence

• Project/Area Number: 16K18335
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Research Field: Nuclear fusion studies
• Research Institution: Kyushu University
• Principal Investigator: Sasaki Makoto 九州大学, 応用力学研究所, 助教 (70575919)
• Research Collaborator: Itoh Kimitaka ; Kasuya Naohiro ; Kobayashi Tatsuya
• Project Period (FY): 2016-04-01 – 2019-03-31
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2018)
• Budget Amount: ¥3,380,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥780,000); Fiscal Year 2018: ¥910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥210,000); Fiscal Year 2017: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000); Fiscal Year 2016: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
• Keywords: 閉じ込めプラズマ / プラズマ乱流 / 輸送 / 帯状流 / トロイダル自発回転 / 構造形成 / ダンジェロモード / ドリフト波 / 乱流捕捉 / ケルビンヘルムホルツ不安定性 / 乱流 / 流れ / 測地線音波 / 非線形過程

Outline of Final Research Achievements

In the series of the study, we clarified important physical mechanisms for the spatial profiles of plasma transport in the presence of strong flows. When the flow becomes strong, the spatial inhomogeneity itself could be a cause of instabilities such as Kelvin-Helmholtz instability and so on. In this study, instabilities that stem from the flow inhomogeneity were considered as well as the drift waves. We elucidated “competition of multiple instabilities”, and “the selection rule of the topology of macroscopic flow”. It was clearly demonstrated that the “turbulence trapping due to flow” is a key to determine the spatial profiles of turbulence. Moreover, we extended the situation to include the energetic particles, and a mechanism was found that the perpendicular flow driven by the energetic particles drives parallel momentum transport to excite the parallel flow.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

閉じ込めプラズマには自発的に流れを駆動する機構がある一方、エネルギー注入が普遍的に存在し、それに伴う運動量流入があるため通常強い流れが存在する。従来研究で中心的研究対象であったドリフト波に加え、流れが駆動する不安定性が共存する系を調べた。流れや乱流輸送の空間構造を決める重要な物理機構を明らかにし、核融合プラズマに存在する高エネルギー粒子効果を含む系への拡張を行った。さらに、改善閉じ込めプラズマでしばしば観測される突発的輸送について、複数不安定性の競合を考える事で、その前兆振動と思われる不安定性を発見した。本研究によって、強い流れを伴うプラズマについての輸送の空間構造についての理解を進展させた。

Research Products

• [Int'l Joint Research] エクスマルセイユ大学(フランス)
• [Int'l Joint Research] Max-Planck-Institut for Plasmaphysik(Germany)
• [Int'l Joint Research] University of Lorraine(France)
• [Journal Article] Parallel flow driven instability due to toroidal return flow in H-mode plasmas (2019)
  • Author(s): Sasaki Makoto、Itoh Kimitaka、Kosuga Yusuke、Dong Jiaqi、Inagaki Shigeru、Kobayashi Tatsuya、Cheng Jun、Zhao Kaijun、Itoh Sanae-I
  • Journal Title: Nuclear Fusion Volume: in press Issue: 6 Pages: 066039-066039
  • DOI: 10.1088/1741-4326/ab1292
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Formation of spiral structures of turbulence driven by a strong rotation in magnetically cylindrical plasmas (2019)
  • Author(s): M. Sasaki, Y. Cayenne, A. Escarguel, S. Inagaki, N. Kasuya, K. Itoh, T. Kobayash
  • Journal Title: Physics of Plasmas Volume: 26 Issue: 4 Pages: 042305-042305
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.5085372
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Evaluation of Measurement Signal of Heavy Ion Beam Probe of Energetic-Particle Driven Geodesic Acoustic Modes (2018)
  • Author(s): SASAKI Makoto、ITOH Kimitaka、IDO Takeshi、SHIMIZU Akihiro、KOBAYASHI Tatsuya、ARAKAWA Hiroyuki、KASUYA Naohiro、FUJISAWA Akihide、ITOH Sanae-I.
  • Journal Title: Plasma and Fusion Research Volume: 13 Issue: 0 Pages: 3403040-3403040
  • DOI: 10.1585/pfr.13.3403040
  • NAID: 130007430465
  • ISSN: 1880-6821
  • Year and Date: 2018-05-22
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Trapping of turbulence clumps by geodesic acoustic modes (2018)
  • Author(s): Sasaki Makoto
  • Journal Title: AIP Conference Proceedings Volume: 1993 Pages: 020007-020007
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.5048717
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Propagation direction of geodesic acoustic modes driven by drift wave turbulence (2018)
  • Author(s): Sasaki M.、Itoh K.、Kobayashi T.、Kasuya N.、Fujisawa A.、Itoh S.-I.
  • Journal Title: Nuclear Fusion Volume: 58 Issue: 11 Pages: 112005-112005
  • DOI: 10.1088/1741-4326/aad251
  • NAID: 130007736809
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Spatio-temporal dynamics of turbulence trapped in geodesic acoustic modes (2018)
  • Author(s): Sasaki M.、Kobayashi T.、Itoh K.、Kasuya N.、Kosuga Y.、Fujisawa A.、Itoh S.-I.
  • Journal Title: Physics of Plasmas Volume: 25 Issue: 1 Pages: 12316-12316
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.5008541
  • NAID: 120007180072
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Evaluation of measurement signal of Heavy Ion Beam Probe of energetic-particle driven geodesic acoustic modes (2018)
  • Author(s): M. Sasaki, K. Itoh, T. Ido, A. Shimizu, T. Kobayashi, H. Arakawa, N. Kasuya, A. Fujisawa, S.-I. Itoh
  • Journal Title: Plasma Fusion Research Volume: in press
  • NAID: 130007430465
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] On the radial eigenmode structure of drift wave instability with inhomogeneous damping in cylindrical plasmas (2018)
  • Author(s): Kasuya N.、Sasaki M.、Abe S.、Yagi M.
  • Journal Title: Journal of the Physical Society of Japan Volume: 87 Issue: 2 Pages: 24501-24501
  • DOI: 10.7566/jpsj.87.024501
  • NAID: 210000134697
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Quantification of turbulent driving forces for geodesic acoustic mode in JFT-2M tokamak (2018)
  • Author(s): T. Kobayashi, M. Sasaki, T. Ido, K. Kamiya, Y. Miura, Y. Nagashima, K. Ida, S. Inagaki, A. Fujisawa, S.-I. Itoh, and K. Itoh
  • Journal Title: Physical Review Letter Volume: 120 Issue: 4 Pages: 045002-045002
  • DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.045002
  • NAID: 120007176989
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Three-Dimensional Structure of the Streamer in Linear Plasmas (2018)
  • Author(s): Yamada Takuma、Inagaki Shigeru、Sasaki Makoto、Nagashima Yoshihiko、Kin Fumiyoshi、Arakawa Hiroyuki、Kobayashi Tatsuya、Yamasaki Kotaro、Kasuya Naohiro、Kosuga Yusuke、Fujisawa Akihide、Itoh Kimitaka、Itoh Sanae-I.
  • Journal Title: Journal of the Physical Society of Japan Volume: 87 Issue: 3 Pages: 034501-034501
  • DOI: 10.7566/jpsj.87.034501
  • NAID: 210000134734
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Multiple-Instabilities in Magnetized Plasmas with Density Gradient and Velocity Shears (2017)
  • Author(s): Sasaki M.、Kasuya N.、Toda S.、Yamada T.、Kosuga Y.、Arakawa H.、Kobayashi T.、Inagaki S.、Fujisawa A.、Nagashima Y.、Itoh K.、Itoh S.-I.
  • Journal Title: Plasma and Fusion Research Volume: 12 Issue: 0 Pages: 1401042-1401042
  • DOI: 10.1585/pfr.12.1401042
  • NAID: 130006224433
  • ISSN: 1880-6821
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Topological bifurcation of helical flows in magnetized plasmas with density gradient and parallel flow shear (2017)
  • Author(s): Sasaki M.、Kasuya N.、Itoh K.、Toda S.、Yamada T.、Kosuga Y.、Nagashima Y.、Kobayashi T.、Arakawa H.、Yamasaki K.、Fujisawa A.、Inagaki S.、Itoh S.-I.
  • Journal Title: Physics of Plasmas Volume: 24 Issue: 11 Pages: 112103-112103
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.5000343
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Enhancement and suppression of turbulence by energetic-particle-driven geodesic acoustic modes (2017)
  • Author(s): Sasaki M.、Itoh K.、Hallatschek K.、Kasuya N.、Lesur M.、Kosuga Y.、Itoh S.-I.
  • Journal Title: Scientific Reports Volume: 7 Issue: 1 Pages: 16767-16767
  • DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17011-y
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Observation of subcritical geodesic acoustic mode excitation in the large helical device (2017)
  • Author(s): Ido T.、Itoh K.、Lesur M.、Osakabe M.、Shimizu A.、Ogawa K.、Nishiura M.、Yamada I.、Yasuhara R.、Kosuga Y.、Sasaki M.、Ida K.、Inagaki S.、Itoh S.-I.、the LHD Experiment Group
  • Journal Title: Nucl. Fusion Volume: 57 Issue: 7 Pages: 72009-72009
  • DOI: 10.1088/1741-4326/aa665a
  • NAID: 120007181937
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Phenomenological Classification of Turbulence States in Linear Magnetized Plasma PANTA (2017)
  • Author(s): Kobayashi T.、Inagaki S.、Kosuga Y.、Sasaki M.、Nagashima Y.、Yamada T.、Arakawa H.、Kasuya N.、Fujisawa A.、Itoh S.-I. 、Itoh K.
  • Journal Title: Plasma and Fusion Research Volume: 12 Issue: 0 Pages: 1401019-1401019
  • DOI: 10.1585/pfr.12.1401019
  • NAID: 130006897725
  • ISSN: 1880-6821
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Mesoscale electric fluctuations interacting with zonal flows, magnetic fluctuations, and turbulence (2017)
  • Author(s): K. Zhao, Y. Nagashima, P. H. Diamond, J. Dong, K. Kimitaka, S.-I. Itoh, L. Yan, J. Cheng, A. Fujisawa, S. Inagaki, Y. Kosuga, M. Sasaki, Z. Huang, D. Yu, Q. Li, X. Ji, X. Song, Y. Huang, Y. Liu, Q. Yang, X. Ding, X. Duan
  • Journal Title: Nuclear Fusion Volume: 57 Issue: 7 Pages: 076036-076036
  • DOI: 10.1088/1741-4326/aa6f35
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Hysteresis and Fast Timescale in Transport Relation of Toroidal Plasmas (2017)
  • Author(s): K. Itoh, S.-I. Itoh, K. Ida, S. Inagaki, Y. Kamada, K. Kamiya, J. Dong, C. Hidalgo, T. Evans, W. Ko, H. Park, T. Tokuzawa, S. Kubo, T. Kobayashi, Y. Kosuga, M. Sasaki, G. Yun, S. Song, N. Kasuya, Y. Nagashima, C. Moon, M. Yoshinuma, R. Makino, T. Tsujimura, H. Tsuchiya, U. Stroth
  • Journal Title: Nuclear Fusion Volume: 57 Issue: 10 Pages: 1020211-7
  • DOI: 10.1088/1741-4326/aa796a
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Temporal-spatial structures of plasmas flows and turbulence around tearing mode islands in the edge tokamak plasmas (2017)
  • Author(s): K. Zhao, Y. Nagashima, F. Li, Y. Shi, P. H. Diamond, J. Dong, K. Itoh, S.-I. Itoh, G. Zhuang, H. Liu, Z. Chen, J. Cheng, L. Nie, Y. Ding, Q. Hu, Z. Chen, B. Rao, Z. Cheng, L. Gao, X. Zhang, Z. J. Yang, N. Wang, L. Wang, W. Jin, W. Yan, J. Xu, Y. Wu, L. Yan, A. Fujisawa, S. Inagaki, Y. Kosuga, M. Sasaki
  • Journal Title: Nuclear Fusion Volume: 57 Issue: 12 Pages: 126006-126006
  • DOI: 10.1088/1741-4326/aa8341
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Toroidal momentum channeling of geodesic acoustic modes driven by fast ions (2017)
  • Author(s): M. Sasaki, N. Kasuya, K. Itoh, Y. Kosuga, M. Lesur, K. Hallatschek and S.-I. Itoh
  • Journal Title: Nuclear Fusion Volume: 57 Issue: 3 Pages: 036025-036025
  • DOI: 10.1088/1741-4326/aa4eb4
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] A branch of energetic-particle driven geodesic acoustic modes due to magnetic drift resonance (2016)
  • Author(s): M. Sasaki, N. Kasuya, K. Hallatschek, K. Itoh, Y. Kosuga and S.-I. Itoh
  • Journal Title: Physics of Plasmas Volume: 23 Issue: 10 Pages: 102501-102501
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.4963397
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Eddy, drift wave and zonal flow dynamics in a linear magnetized plasma (2016)
  • Author(s): H. Arakawa, S. Inagaki, M. Sasaki, Y. Kosuga, T. Kobayashi, N. Kasuya, Y. Nagashima, T. Yamada, M. Lesur, A. Fujisawa, S. -I. Itoh and K. Itoh
  • Journal Title: Scientific Reports Volume: 6 Issue: 1 Pages: 33371-33371
  • DOI: 10.1038/srep33371
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Structure formation in parallel ion flow and density profiles by cross-ferroic turbulent transport in linear magnetized plasma (2016)
  • Author(s): T. Kobayashi, S. Inagaki, Y. Kosuga, M. Sasaki, Y. Nagashima, T. Yamada, H. Arakawa, N. Kasuya, A. Fujisawa, S.-I. Itoh and K. Itoh
  • Journal Title: Physics of Plasmas Volume: 23 Issue: 10 Pages: 102311-102311
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.4965915
  • NAID: 120007176994
  • Peer Reviewed / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Presentation] 磁化プラズマにおける乱流の時空間構造 (2019)
  • Author(s): 佐々木真
  • Organizer: 日本物理学会年会
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Spatial structure of turbulence and flows in magnetically confined plasmas (2019)
  • Author(s): M. Sasaki, T. Kobayashi, K. Itoh, N. Kasuya, Y. Kosuga, A. Fujisawa, S. Inagaki, S.-I. Itoh
  • Organizer: Max-Planck Princeton Conference
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] ドリフト波と相互作用する測地線音波の伝播方向 (2018)
  • Author(s): 佐々木真, 伊藤公孝, 小林逹哉, 糟谷直宏, 藤澤彰英, 伊藤早苗
  • Organizer: 日本物理学会秋季大会
• [Presentation] プラズマ回転不安定性におけるスパイラル構造の形成 (2018)
  • Author(s): 佐々木真, A. Escurguel, Y. Camenen, 稲垣滋, 伊藤公孝, 糟谷直宏, 小林逹哉
  • Organizer: プラズマシミュレータシンポジウム
• [Presentation] プラズマ乱流における螺旋流のカイラリティ (2018)
  • Author(s): 佐々木真
  • Organizer: プラズマ核融合学会第３５回年会
  • Invited
• [Presentation] 円筒型磁化プラズマにおける回転駆動乱流による螺旋構造の形成 (2018)
  • Author(s): 佐々木真, A. Escurguel, Y. Camenen, 稲垣滋, 伊藤公孝, 糟谷直宏, 小林逹哉
  • Organizer: プラズマ核融合学会第３５回年会
• [Presentation] Parallel flow driven instability due to toroidal return flow in H-mode plasmas (2018)
  • Author(s): M. Sasaki, K. Itoh, N. Kasuya, S. Inagaki, T. Kobayashi, A. Fujisawa, S.-I. Itoh
  • Organizer: APTWG 2018
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] Summary talk on Model reduction and experimental validation (for session E) (2018)
  • Author(s): M. Sasaki
  • Organizer: APTWG 2018
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Spatiotemporal dynamics of turbulence with zonal flows (2018)
  • Author(s): M. Sasaki, T. Kobayashi, K. Itoh, N. Kasuya, Y. Kosuga, A. Fujisawa, S. Inagaki, S.-I. Itoh
  • Organizer: European Physical Society
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Enhancement and suppression of turbulence by energetic-particle-driven geodesic acoustic modes (2018)
  • Author(s): M. Sasaki, T. Kobayashi, K. Itoh, N. Kasuya, Y. Kosuga, A. Fujisawa, S. Inagaki, S.-I. Itoh
  • Organizer: EFTSOMP
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] Spatiotemporal dynamics of turbulence with zonal flows (2018)
  • Author(s): M. Sasaki, T. Kobayashi, K. Itoh, N. Kasuya, Y. Kosuga, A. Fujisawa, S.-I. Itoh
  • Organizer: EASW8 2018
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] Selection of flow chirality in drift-mode and D’Angelo-mode fluctuations (2018)
  • Author(s): M. Sasaki, N. Kasuya, K. Itoh, S. Toda, T. Yamada, Y. Kosuga, Y. Nagashima, T. Kobayashi, H. Arakawa, K. Yamasaki, A. Fujisawa, S. Inagaki, S.-I. Itoh
  • Organizer: AAPPS-DPP
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] 測地線音波と乱流の時空間ダイナミクス (2018)
  • Author(s): 佐々木真
  • Organizer: フロントランナーシンポジウム
• [Presentation] 測地線音波に捕捉された乱流の時空間ダイナミクス (2018)
  • Author(s): 佐々木真, 小林達哉, 伊藤公孝, 糟谷直宏, 小菅佑輔, 藤澤彰英, 伊藤早苗
  • Organizer: 日本物理学会年会
• [Presentation] 密度勾配と平行方向速度シアを伴うプラズマにおける乱流と流れ場の生成 (2017)
  • Author(s): 佐々木真, 糟谷直宏, 小菅佑輔, 伊藤公孝, 小林達哉, 登田慎一郎, 山田琢磨, 稲垣滋, 永島芳彦, 矢木雅敏, 伊藤早苗
  • Organizer: 日本物理学会年次大会
  • Place of Presentation: 大阪大学
  • Year and Date: 2017-03-17
• [Presentation] Enhancement and suppression of turbulence by energetic-particle-driven geodesic acoustic modes (2017)
  • Author(s): M. Sasaki, K. Itoh, K. Hallatschek, N. Kasuya, M. Lesur, Y. Kosuga S.-I. Itoh
  • Organizer: 7th Asia Pacific Transport Working Group International Conference
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Topological bifurcation of turbulence driven flows in magnetized plasmas (2017)
  • Author(s): M. Sasaki, N. Kasuya, K. Itoh, S. Toda, T. Yamada, Y. Kosuga, Y. Nagashima, T. Kobayashi, H. Arakawa, K. Yamasaki, A. Fujisawa, S. Inagaki, S.-I. Itoh
  • Organizer: 9th Festival de Theorie
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Trapping of turbulence clumps by geodesic acoustic modes (2017)
  • Author(s): M. Sasaki, K. Itoh, K. Hallatschek, T. Kobayashi, N. Kasuya, M. Lesur, Y. Kosuga, S.-I. Itoh
  • Organizer: 16th International workshop on H-mode Physics and transport barrier
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Evaluation of line-integral effect of Heavy Ion Beam Probe measurement of energetic-particle driven geodesic acoustic modes (2017)
  • Author(s): M. Sasaki, K. Itoh, T. Ido, N. Kasuya, A. Shimizu, A. Fujisawa, S.-I. Itoh
  • Organizer: 26th International Toki Conference
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] プラズマ乱流における流れ場トポロジーの分岐シミュレーション (2017)
  • Author(s): 佐々木真, 糟谷直宏, 伊藤公孝, 登田慎一郎, 山田琢磨, 小菅佑輔, 永島芳彦, 小林達哉, 荒川弘之, 山崎広太郎, 藤澤彰英, 稲垣滋, 伊藤早苗
  • Organizer: プラズマシミュレータシンポジウム
• [Presentation] 密度勾配と磁場方向速度シアを伴うプラズマにおける乱流と流れトポロジー分岐 (2017)
  • Author(s): 佐々木真, 糟谷直宏, 伊藤公孝, 登田慎一郎, 山田琢磨, 小菅佑輔, 永島芳彦, 小林達哉, 荒川弘之, 山崎広太郎, 藤澤彰英, 稲垣滋, 伊藤早苗
  • Organizer: プラズマコンファレンス 2017
• [Presentation] 高エネルギー粒子駆動測地線音波による乱流の抑制・増長効果 (2017)
  • Author(s): 佐々木真、伊藤公孝、Klaus Hallatschek、糟谷直宏、Maxime Lesur、小菅佑輔、伊藤早苗
  • Organizer: 統合コード研究会
• [Presentation] 高速イオン駆動測地線音波による乱流の捕捉 (2016)
  • Author(s): 佐々木真, 伊藤公孝, 糟谷直宏, 小菅佑輔, Maxime Lesur, 伊藤早苗
  • Organizer: プラズマ核融合学会年会
  • Place of Presentation: 東北大学
  • Year and Date: 2016-11-29
• [Presentation] A new branch of geodesic acoustic modes driven by fast ions (2016)
  • Author(s): M. Sasaki, N. Kasuya, Y. Kosuga, K. Itoh, K. Hallatschek, M. Lesur, S.-I. Itoh
  • Organizer: IAEA Fusion Energy Conference
  • Place of Presentation: Kyoto (Japan)
  • Year and Date: 2016-10-17
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] 直線磁化プラズマ乱流シミュレーションによるドリフト波と軸方向流れ駆動不安定性の競合 (2016)
  • Author(s): 佐々木真, 糟谷直宏, 登田慎一郎、小菅佑輔、小林達哉、荒川弘之、山田琢磨、稲垣滋、矢木雅敏、伊藤公孝 、伊藤早苗
  • Organizer: 日本物理学会秋季大会
  • Place of Presentation: 金沢大学
  • Year and Date: 2016-09-13
• [Presentation] Toroidal momentum transport by geodesic acoustic modes driven by fast ions (2016)
  • Author(s): M. Sasaki, N. Kasuya, K. Itoh, Y. Kosuga, K. Hallatschek, M. Lesur, S.-I. Itoh
  • Organizer: Asia Pacific Transport Working Group International Conference
  • Place of Presentation: Korea University (Korea)
  • Year and Date: 2016-06-21
  • Int'l Joint Research