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On the religion and social welfare relations in ancient Near East

Research Project

Project/Area Number 17H02275
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Research Field Religious studies
Research InstitutionSophia University

Principal Investigator

Tsukimoto Akio  上智大学, 神学部, 教授 (10147928)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 田澤 恵子  (財)古代オリエント博物館, 研究部, 研究員 (30598587)
津本 英利  (財)古代オリエント博物館, 研究部, 研究員 (40553045)
柴田 大輔  筑波大学, 人文社会系, 准教授 (40553293)
松村 一男  和光大学, 表現学部, 教授 (70183952)
下釜 和也  (財)古代オリエント博物館, 研究部, 研究員 (70580116)
小野塚 拓造  独立行政法人国立文化財機構東京国立博物館, 学芸研究部, 研究員 (90736167)
Project Period (FY) 2017-04-01 – 2020-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2019)
Budget Amount *help
¥10,400,000 (Direct Cost: ¥8,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,400,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥3,380,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥780,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥2,730,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥630,000)
Fiscal Year 2017: ¥4,290,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥990,000)
Keywords治癒神 / 弱者保護としての正義 / 孤児と寡婦 / 寄留者保護 / 貧者保護 / 古代の医療と医療の神 / 寄留者の保護の古代法 / 孤児と寡婦の保護 / 医療施設の考古学 / 人骨に残る障碍の痕跡 / 宗教と福祉 / 西アジア考古学 / 楔形文字資料 / 旧約聖書 / 古代西アジア / 寡婦と孤児 / 小児供儀 / 身体障碍と考古資料 / 考古学 / 文献学 / 神話 / 障碍 / 障碍と疾病 / 奇形神
Outline of Final Research Achievements

In ancient Mesopotamia, a cradle of human civilization, people worshiped a deity named Gula as their patron goddess of healing widely. The apothecary deity Asclepios took over the same function in ancient Greece. It is the deity of law and justice that protected orphans and widows, both representatives of the vulnerable strata of society. In fact, the king, on behalf of the deity, took charge of the divine justice. This kind of Mesopotamian tradition was accepted into the Hebrew Bible. In addition to that, the Bible further prescribes protection of the alien and the poor who were deprived of landowning.
Although these phenomena were clarified mainly based on philological researches, it also became clear that the practice of social welfare including medicine could be uncovered by means of archaeological studies of human bones as well as architectural remains that are to be interpreted as ancient clinics.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

古代西アジアにおいて、病気治癒をも含む社会福祉は宗教と密接に結びついていた。なかでも社会的弱者の保護は社会正義を司る神の命令として、王がその実践の責任を負っていた。このような古代の伝統は、聖書に受容され、さらに、そこに寄留者や貧しい者の保護が加えられた。
このような宗教と福祉の密接な関係は、のちにキリスト教を介して近代の社会福祉思想へと継承されてゆく。今日では、政教分離の原則のもと、福祉と宗教は別領域として受けとめられているが、福祉を技術にとどめず、人間社会の基本の姿とするために、宗教と福祉の歴史的関連をあらためて問い直す必要があるだろう。

Report

(4 results)
  • 2019 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2018 Annual Research Report
  • 2017 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (41 results)

All 2020 2019 2018 2017

All Journal Article (27 results) (of which Peer Reviewed: 2 results) Presentation (9 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 6 results) Book (5 results)

  • [Journal Article] 聖書翻訳と現代2019

    • Author(s)
      月本昭男
    • Journal Title

      日本聖書協会『聖書協会共同訳発行記念講演集』

      Volume: 1 Pages: 42-52

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Middle Assyrian Legal Documents of Adad-bel-gabbe II, King of the Land of Mari2019

    • Author(s)
      柴田大輔
    • Journal Title

      DUBSAR

      Volume: 6 Pages: 409-437

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] The Gods of Tabetu during the Middle Assyrian Period and their Genealogy2019

    • Author(s)
      柴田大輔
    • Journal Title

      Melanges assyriologiques en l’honneur de Dominique Charpin

      Volume: 1 Pages: 943-975

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 古代西アジアにおける世界と魂2019

    • Author(s)
      柴田大輔
    • Journal Title

      古代哲学史(ちくま)

      Volume: 1 Pages: 47-77

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 古代メソポタミアの一神教2019

    • Author(s)
      柴田大輔
    • Journal Title

      『一神教の中のユダヤ教』(市川裕検定論文集)

      Volume: 1 Pages: 31-56

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Theories of Diffusionism: Myth and/or Reality?2019

    • Author(s)
      松村一男
    • Journal Title

      Comparative Mythology

      Volume: 5 Pages: 44-54

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] イスラエル国テル・レヘシュ新出土初期シナゴーグの考古学的・宗教学的研究2019

    • Author(s)
      津本英利
    • Journal Title

      三島海雲記念財団研究報告書

      Volume: 2019年度CD-ROM版

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 創造神の涙-古代エジプト神話2019

    • Author(s)
      田澤恵子
    • Journal Title

      『はじまりが見える世界の神話』(創元社)

      Volume: 1 Pages: 84-89

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] People and Graves Before Settlement: Pursuing Early Bronze Age Mobility at Rumeilah on the Middle Euphrates2019

    • Author(s)
      下釜和也
    • Journal Title

      The 11th International Congress on the Archaeology of the Ancient Near East Abstract Booklet

      Volume: 2019年度版 Pages: 173-174

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 虐げられた者たちは救いで飾られる―詩篇149篇2018

    • Author(s)
      月本昭男
    • Journal Title

      福音と世界

      Volume: 67巻7号 Pages: 66-71

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] すべて息吹あるものは―詩篇150篇2018

    • Author(s)
      月本昭男
    • Journal Title

      福音と世界

      Volume: 67巻8号 Pages: 66-71

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 「苦難の僕」とは誰か2018

    • Author(s)
      月本昭男
    • Journal Title

      福音宣教

      Volume: 33巻11号 Pages: 21-26

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] イスラエル国テル・レヘシュ新出土初期シナゴーグの考古学的・宗教学的研究2018

    • Author(s)
      津本英利(長谷川修一、市川裕ほかと連名)
    • Journal Title

      西アジア発掘調査報告会報告集

      Volume: 25巻 Pages: 46-49

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Middle Assyrian Legal Documents of Adad-bel-gabbe II, King of the Land of Mari2018

    • Author(s)
      柴田 大輔
    • Journal Title

      DUBSAR

      Volume: 6 Pages: 409-437

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] People and Graves Before Settlement: Pursuing Early Bronze Age Mobility at Rumeilah on the Middle Euphrates2018

    • Author(s)
      下釜 和也
    • Journal Title

      Congress Volume of International Association of the ANE

      Volume: 11 Pages: 173-174

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] 共感──転換への意志──聖書の世界から2017

    • Author(s)
      月本 昭男
    • Journal Title

      サティシュ・クマール著『人類はどこへいくのか』(ぷねうま舎)

      Volume: 1 Pages: 239-259

    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 宗教の誕生2017

    • Author(s)
      月本 昭男
    • Journal Title

      月本昭男編『宗教の誕生』(山川出版社)

      Volume: 1 Pages: 3-14

    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] メソポタミアの宗教2017

    • Author(s)
      月本 昭男
    • Journal Title

      月本昭男編『宗教の誕生』(山川出版社)

      Volume: 1 Pages: 102-132

    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Die sumerischen exegetischen Epitheta des Marduk2017

    • Author(s)
      Daisuke Shibata
    • Journal Title

      S. Fink et als., eds., Mehrsprachigkeit: Vom Alten Orient bis zum Esperanto

      Volume: 2 Pages: 195-208

    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] An Expedition of King Shalmaneser I and Prince Tukultī-Ninurta to Carchemish2017

    • Author(s)
      Daisuke Shibata
    • Journal Title

      Y. Haffron et als., eds., At the Dawn of History

      Volume: 1 Pages: 491-506

    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 古代メソポタミア;国家、神殿、学識者2017

    • Author(s)
      柴田 大輔
    • Journal Title

      柴田大輔他編『イスラームは特殊か:西アジアの宗教と政治の系譜』

      Volume: 1 Pages: 35-65

    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] ヘレニズム時代のバビロニア神殿:古代文明の継承と新しい潮流2017

    • Author(s)
      柴田 大輔
    • Journal Title

      柴田大輔他編『イスラームは特殊か:西アジアの宗教と政治の系譜』

      Volume: 1 Pages: 133-153

    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 古代オリエントを中心とするユーラシアの神話概説2017

    • Author(s)
      松村 一男
    • Journal Title

      須藤寛史他編『古代オリエント カミとヒトのものがたり』(岡山市立オリエント美術館)

      Volume: 1 Pages: 8-10

    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] ギリシア・ローマの死生観と死後世界2017

    • Author(s)
      松村 一男
    • Journal Title

      大城道則編『死者はどこへいくのか』(河出書房新社)

      Volume: 1 Pages: 34-64

    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 聖書考古学の焦点2017

    • Author(s)
      津本 英利、小野塚 拓造
    • Journal Title

      季刊 考古学

      Volume: 141号 Pages: 61-65

    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] シリア青銅器時代のモニュメント—記憶・社会・権力2017

    • Author(s)
      下釜 和也
    • Journal Title

      日本西アジア考古学会第22回総会・大会要旨集

      Volume: 1 Pages: 13-16

    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 西アジア・北アフリカ 古代オリエント(二)2017

    • Author(s)
      下釜 和也
    • Journal Title

      史學雑誌』第126編第5号

      Volume: 126編第5号 Pages: 280-284

    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] The Building Inscriptions of Assur-ketta-lesir II, “King of the Land of Mari”, in the Late Middle Assyrian Period2019

    • Author(s)
      柴田大輔
    • Organizer
      65e Rencontre Assyriologique Internationale
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] The Excavations at Tel Rekhesh: The Results of 2013-2017 Seasons2019

    • Author(s)
      津本英利
    • Organizer
      11th International Congress on the Archaeology of the Ancient Near East
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 古代エジプトのファイアンス製ウシェブティに関する新たな様式分析への一試案2019

    • Author(s)
      田澤恵子
    • Organizer
      日本オリエント学会
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 古代エジプト神話再考-その特異性と普遍性-2019

    • Author(s)
      田澤恵子
    • Organizer
      神話学研究会(於東北大学)
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] People and Graves Before Settlement: Pursuing Early Bronze Age Mobility at Rumeilah on the Middle Euphrates2019

    • Author(s)
      下釜和也
    • Organizer
      11th International Congress on the Archaeology of Ancient Near East
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Water in the ancient Egyptian myths」12th Annual International Conference on Comparative Mythology2018

    • Author(s)
      田澤 恵子
    • Organizer
      国際神話学会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] A Middle Assyrian Manuscript of a Therapeutic Treatise: “Prescriptions of Adapa”2018

    • Author(s)
      柴田 大輔
    • Organizer
      国際アッシリア学会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 古代メソポタミアの王権:神々、王、知識人2018

    • Author(s)
      柴田 大輔
    • Organizer
      日本オリエント学会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] People and Graves Before Settlement: Pursuing Early Bronze Age Mobility at Rumeilah on the Middle Euphrates2018

    • Author(s)
      下釜 和也
    • Organizer
      国際西アジア考古学会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Book] 詩篇の思想と信仰(V)2020

    • Author(s)
      月本昭男
    • Total Pages
      415
    • Publisher
      新教出版社
    • ISBN
      9784400127475
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] はじめてのギリシア神話2019

    • Author(s)
      松村一男
    • Total Pages
      236
    • Publisher
      筑摩書房
    • ISBN
      9784480683588
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] 物語としての旧約聖書(下)2018

    • Author(s)
      月本昭男
    • Total Pages
      175
    • Publisher
      NHK出版
    • ISBN
      9784149109893
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] 詩篇の思想と信仰(VI)2018

    • Author(s)
      月本昭男
    • Total Pages
      329
    • Publisher
      新教出版社
    • ISBN
      9784400127482
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] 物語としての旧約聖書2018

    • Author(s)
      月本 昭男
    • Total Pages
      168
    • Publisher
      NHK出版
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2017-04-28   Modified: 2021-02-19  

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