Effects of snow and ice melting on surface ocean CO2 concentration and air-sea gas flux

• Project/Area Number: 17H04715
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (A)
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Research Field: Environmental impact assessment
• Research Institution: Hokkaido University
• Principal Investigator: Nomura Daiki 北海道大学, 水産科学研究院, 助教 (70550739)
• Project Period (FY): 2017-04-01 – 2020-03-31
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2019)
• Budget Amount: ¥25,350,000 (Direct Cost: ¥19,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥5,850,000); Fiscal Year 2019: ¥2,210,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥510,000); Fiscal Year 2018: ¥2,990,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥690,000); Fiscal Year 2017: ¥20,150,000 (Direct Cost: ¥15,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥4,650,000)
• Keywords: 極域 / 二酸化炭素 / 海氷 / 気体交換過程 / 融解 / 融解現象 / 気体交換 / 北極海 / 南極海 / 地球温暖化 / 融解水 / 物質循環 / 海洋物質循環 / 氷河融解水 / 生物地球化学

Outline of Final Research Achievements

In order to understand the effect of glacier and sea ice meltwater supply on the surface water CO2 concentration and air-sea CO2 flux, we have examined field observations in the coast of Antarctica and Greenland, and Sea of Okhotsk and the sea ice tank experiment. Results indicated that CO2 concentration of the glacier and the sea ice meltwater was low as compared to that of the seawater. Therefore, meltwaters dilute and decrease the surface water CO2 concentration with respect to the atmosphere, leading the increase the absorption of the atmospheric CO2 to the ocean.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究では、氷河や海氷の融解によって海洋表層に供給された融解水が、海洋表層の二酸化炭素濃度および大気から海洋への二酸化炭素吸収に与える影響を観測および室内実験をもとに定量的に評価した。現在、極域では、氷河や海氷などの雪氷の融解が急速に進行しており、本研究成果は、劇的な環境変化をもたらす雪氷の融解が、極域の淡水・炭素収支に与える影響の解明につながる。そして、全球規模での水・物質循環の将来予測研究に貢献する。

Research Products

• [Int'l Joint Research] Sarbonne University/LOCEAN(フランス)
• [Int'l Joint Research] Max planck Institute(ドイツ)
• [Int'l Joint Research] University of Calgary/University of Victoria(カナダ)
• [Int'l Joint Research] タスマニア大学/オーストラリア南極局(オーストラリア)
• [Int'l Joint Research] リエージュ大学/ブリュッセル自由大学(ベルギー)
• [Int'l Joint Research] マニトバ大学/カルガリー大学(カナダ)
• [Int'l Joint Research] アルフレッドウェゲナー極地海洋研究所(ドイツ)
• [Int'l Joint Research] ノルウェー極地研究所(ノルウェー)
• [Int'l Joint Research] アルウレッドウェゲナー極地海洋研究所/マックスプランク研究所(ドイツ)
• [Int'l Joint Research] マニトバ大学/カルガリー大学(カナダ)
• [Int'l Joint Research] ブリストル大学/イギリス南極研究所(英国)
• [Int'l Joint Research] ブリュッセル自由大学/リエージュ大学(ベルギー)
• [Int'l Joint Research] ノルウェー極地研究所(ノルウェー)
• [Int'l Joint Research]
• [Journal Article] Saroma-ko Lagoon Observations for sea ice Physico-chemistry and Ecosystems 2019 (SLOPE2019) (2020)
  • Author(s): Nomura, D., P. Wongpan, T. Toyota, T. Tanikawa, Y. Kawaguchi, T. Ono, T. Ishino, M. Tozawa, T. P. Tamura, I. S. Yabe, E. Y. Son, F. Vivier, A. Lourenco, M. Lebrun, Y. Nosaka, T. Hirawake, A. OOKI, S. Aoki, B. Else, F. Fripiat, J. Inoue, and M. Vancoppenolle
  • Journal Title: Bulletin of Glaciological Research Volume: 38 Issue: 0 Pages: 1-12
  • DOI: 10.5331/bgr.19R02
  • NAID: 130007822743
  • ISSN: 1345-3807, 1884-8044
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Snow property controls on modelled Ku-band altimeter estimates of first-year sea ice thickness: Case studies from the Canadian and Norwegian Arctic. (2020)
  • Author(s): Nandan V, J,....Nomura D, Frey M.
  • Journal Title: IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing Volume: 13 Pages: 1082-1096
  • DOI: 10.1109/jstars.2020.2966432
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Effects of glacier and sea ice melting on the biogeochemical cycles of the surface water in the Arctic Ocean (2019)
  • Author(s): 野村 大樹、漢那 直也、大木 淳之
  • Journal Title: Chikyukagaku Volume: 53 Issue: 4 Pages: 149-158
  • DOI: 10.14934/chikyukagaku.53.149
  • NAID: 130007773189
  • ISSN: 0386-4073, 2188-5923
  • Year and Date: 2019-12-25
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Biogeochemistry of bromine and organic sulfur compounds in the Arctic region (2019)
  • Author(s): 亀山 宗彦、大木 淳之、野村 大樹
  • Journal Title: Chikyukagaku Volume: 53 Issue: 4 Pages: 159-171
  • DOI: 10.14934/chikyukagaku.53.159
  • NAID: 130007773188
  • ISSN: 0386-4073, 2188-5923
  • Year and Date: 2019-12-25
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Isoprene production in seawater of Funka Bay, Hokkaido, Japan. (2019)
  • Author(s): Ooki A, Shida R, Otsu M, Onishi H, Kobayashi N, Iida T, Nomura D, Suzuki K, Yamaoka Y, Takatsu T.
  • Journal Title: Journal of Oceanography Volume: 75 Pages: 485-501
  • NAID: 120006937057
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Fostering multidisciplinary research on interactions between chemistry, biology, and physics within the coupled cryosphere-atmosphere system (2019)
  • Author(s): Thomas J. L , ....., Nomura D, Pratt K, Willis M, Zieger P, Abbatt J, ....
  • Journal Title: Elementa-Science of the Anthropocene Volume: 7 Pages: 1-16
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Production of Dibromomethane and Changes in the Bacterial Community in Bromoform-Enriched Seawater (2019)
  • Author(s): Kataoka Takafumi、Ooki Atsushi、Nomura Daiki
  • Journal Title: Microbes and Environments Volume: 34 Issue: 2 Pages: 215-218
  • DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.ME18027
  • NAID: 130007668536
  • ISSN: 1342-6311, 1347-4405
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Influence of sea ice crack formation on the spacial distribution of nutrients and microalgae in flooded Antarctic multi-year ice (2018)
  • Author(s): Nomura D, Aoki S, Simizu D, Iida T.
  • Journal Title: Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans. Volume: 123, 2 Issue: 2 Pages: 939-951
  • DOI: 10.1002/2017jc012941
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Upwelling of macronutrients and dissolved inorganic carbon by a subglacial freshwater driven plume in Bowdoin Fjord, northwestern Greenland (2018)
  • Author(s): Kanna, N., S. Sugiyama, Y. Ohashi, D. Sakakibara, Y. Fukamachi and D. Nomura
  • Journal Title: Journal of Geophysical Research Biogeosciences Volume: 123 Issue: 5 Pages: 1666-1682
  • DOI: 10.1029/2017jg004248
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] CO2 flux over young and snow-covered Arctic pack ice in winter and spring. (2018)
  • Author(s): Nomura, D., M. A. Granskog, A. Fransson, M. Chierici, A. Silyakova, K. I. Ohshima, L. Cohen, B. Delille, S. R. Hudson, and G. S. Dieckmann
  • Journal Title: Biogeosciences Volume: 15 Issue: 11 Pages: 3331-3343
  • DOI: 10.5194/bg-15-3331-2018
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Effects of sea ice freezing and melting on air-sea CO2 exchange (2018)
  • Author(s): Nomura Daiki
  • Journal Title: Archives of Atmospheric Chemistry Research Volume: 38
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Chlorophyll-a in Antarctic Landfast Sea Ice: A First Synthesis of Historical Ice Core Data (2018)
  • Author(s): Meiners K. M.、Vancoppenolle M.、Carnat G.、Castellani G.、Delille B.、Delille D.、Dieckmann G. S.、Flores H.、Fripiat F.、Grotti M.、Lange B. A.、Lannuzel D.、Martin A.、McMinn A.、Nomura D. et al
  • Journal Title: Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans Volume: 123 Issue: 11 Pages: 8444-8459
  • DOI: 10.1029/2018jc014245
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] The effect of melting treatments on the assessment of biomass and nutrients in sea ice (Saroma-ko lagoon, Hokkaido, Japan) (2018)
  • Author(s): Roukaerts Arnout、Nomura Daiki、Deman Florian、Hattori Hiroshi、Dehairs Frank、Fripiat Fran?ois
  • Journal Title: Polar Biology Volume: 42 Issue: 2 Pages: 347-356
  • DOI: 10.1007/s00300-018-2426-y
  • NAID: 120006783659
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Upwelling of macronutrients and dissolved inorganic carbon by a subglacial freshwater driven plume in Bowdoin Fjord, northwestern Greenland (2018)
  • Author(s): Kanna N, Sugiyama S, Ohashi Y, Sakakibara D, Fukamachi Y, Nomura D.
  • Journal Title: Journal of Geophysical Research- Biogeosciences. Volume: 印刷中
  • NAID: 120006533141
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Macro-nutrient concentrations in Antarctic pack ice: Overall patterns and overlooked processes. (2017)
  • Author(s): Fripiat F, Meiners K.M, Vancoppenolle M, Ackley S.F, Arrigo K, Carnat G, Cozzi S, Delille B, Dieckmann G.S, Dunbar R.B, Fransson A, Kattner G, Kennedy H, Lannuzel D, Munro D.R, Nomura D, Papadimitriou S, Rintala J.M, Schoemann V, Stefels J, Steiner N, Thomas D.N, Tison J-L.
  • Journal Title: Elementa-Science of the Anthropocene Volume: 5, 13 Pages: 13-13
  • DOI: 10.1525/elementa.217
  • NAID: 120006471011
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Biogeochemical impact of Snow Cover and Cyclonic Intrusions on the Winter Weddell Sea Ice Pack. (2017)
  • Author(s): Tison J.-L, Schwegmann S, Dieckmann G. S, Rintala J. M.,Meyer H, Moreau S, Vancoppenolle M, Nomura D, Engberg S, Bloomster L. J, Heindricks S, Uhlig C, Luhtanen A. M, de Jong J, Janssens J, Carnat G, Zhou J, Delille B
  • Journal Title: Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans Volume: 112, 12 Issue: 12 Pages: 9548-9571
  • DOI: 10.1002/2017jc013288
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Gas exchange process in the ice-covered oceans. (2019)
  • Author(s): Nomura, D.
  • Organizer: SOLAS OSC 2019
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] Production of bromoform at the sea ice surface layer and emission to the atmosphere (2019)
  • Author(s): Nomura, D., Ooki, A., Damm, E., Dieckmann, G. S., Delille, B., Frey, M. M., Granskog, M. A., Meiners, K. M., Silyakova, A., Tamura, T., Tison, J. -L., Toyota, T., Yamashita, Y.
  • Organizer: Japan Geoscience Union Annual Meeting
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Inter-comparison experiment for sea ice biogeochemical research in the Cambridge Bay-Comparison with Saroma-ko Lagoon. (2019)
  • Author(s): Nomura, D.
  • Organizer: Canada- Japan Future Collaboration Workshop on Arctic Environment based at Canadian High Arctic Research Station (CHARS) Campus, Cambridge Bay, Canada
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] World-wide compilation of air-sea ice CO2 flux with the enclosure method: Similar amplitudes to open-ocean measurements. (2019)
  • Author(s): Nomura, D., Geilfus, N. X., Tison, J.-L., Else, B. G. T., Brown, K., Miller, L. A., Carnat, G., Moreau, S., Papakyriakou, T., Vancoppenolle, M., Sejr, M. K., Rysgaard, S., Fripiat, F., van der Linden, F., Kotovitch M., Fischer M., Delille, B.
  • Organizer: 2019 IGS Sea ice symposium
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Gas exchange process in the ice covered oceans (2019)
  • Author(s): Daiki Nomura
  • Organizer: SOLAS OSC 2019
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] Production of bromoform at the sea ice surface layer and emission to the atmosphere (2018)
  • Author(s): Daiki Nomura, Atsushi Ooki, Ellen Damm, Gerhard S. Dieckmann, Bruno Delille, Markus M. Frey, Mats A. Granskog, Klaus M. Meiners, Anna Silyakova, Takeshi Tamura, Jean-Louis Tison, Takenobu Toyota, Youhei Yamashita.
  • Organizer: EGU annual meeting 2018
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Inter-comparison between chambers for CO2 flux measurements over sea ice (2018)
  • Author(s): Daiki Nomura, Bruno Delille, Jean-Louis Tison, Gerhard S. Dieckmann
  • Organizer: Polar 2018
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Production of bromoform at the sea ice surface layer and emission to the atmosphere (2018)
  • Author(s): Daiki Nomura, Atsushi Ooki, Ellen Damm, Gerhard S. Dieckmann, Bruno Delille, Markus M. Frey, Mats A. Granskog, Klaus M. Meiners, Anna Silyakova, Takeshi Tamura, Jean-Louis Tison, Takenobu Toyota, Youhei Yamashita.
  • Organizer: IGAC science conference
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Year-round surveys for air-sea ice gas flux in the Arctic Ocean (2018)
  • Author(s): Nomura D., E. Damm, B. Loose, B. Delille, A. Fransson, M. Chierici, M.A. Granskog, J. Inoue
  • Organizer: Fifth International Symposium on Arctic Research
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Glacier-ocean interaction: oceanographic observations in fjord near a calving front of Bowdoin Glacier, northwest Greenland (2018)
  • Author(s): Kanna N., S. Sugiyama, D. Sakakibara, Y. Fukamachi, D. Nomura, S. Yamasaki, S. Fukumoto, E. Podolskiy
  • Organizer: Fifth International Symposium on Arctic Research
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] ECV-Ice: Measuring Essential Climate Variables in Sea Ice: SCOR Working Group 152 (2018)
  • Author(s): Nomura D., F. Fripiat, B. Else, B. Delille, M. Fernandez-Mndez, L. Miller, I. Peeken, J-M. Rintala, M.A. van Leeuwe, F. Zhang, K. Abrahamsson, J. Bowman, J. France, A. Fransson, D. Lannuzel, B. Loose, K. Meiners, C.J. Mundy, H.C. Shin, J.-L. Tison, M. Vichi
  • Organizer: Fifth International Symposium on Arctic Research
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Methane chemistry in the ice covered Arctic Ocean from winter to summer time (2018)
  • Author(s): Silyakova A., M. Kotovitch, B. Delille, D. Nomura, A. Fransson, M. Chierici, M. Granskog
  • Organizer: 2018 Ocean Sciences meeting
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Physical and Biogeochemical ocean studies at the boundary region of Bowdoin Glacier and its Fjord, Northwestern Greenland (2018)
  • Author(s): Naoya Kanna, Shin Sugiyama, Daiki Sakakibara, Yasushi Fukamachi, Daiki Nomura, Sungo Fukumoto, Shintaro Yamasaki, Evgeniy Podolski, Atsushi Yamaguchi
  • Organizer: Workshop on the Dynamics and Mass Budget of Arctic Glaciers & the IASC Network on Arctic Glaciology Annual Meeting
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Coordinating interdisciplinary and international research through CATCH (The Cryosphere and ATmospheric CHemistry). (2017)
  • Author(s): Thomas, J., J. Murphy, T. Bartels-Rausch, M. Frey, F. McNeill, P. Shepson, K. Pratt, T. Douglas, M. Willis, J. Abbatt, A. Jones, C. Anastasio, P. Matrai, D. Nomura, K. Kim, and M. L. Melamed.
  • Organizer: European Geosciences Union General Assembly 2017
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Coordinating interdisciplinary and international research through CATCH (The Cryosphere and ATmospheric CHemistry). (2017)
  • Author(s): Pratt, K., Thomas, J., J. Murphy, T. Bartels-Rausch, M. Frey, F. McNeill, P. Shepson, T. Douglas, M. Willis, J. Abbatt, A. Jones, C. Anastasio, P. Matrai, D. Nomura, K. Kim, and M. L. Melamed.
  • Organizer: 2017 PACES Workshop
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] JARE58_LH湾_海洋化学観測 (2017)
  • Author(s): 野村大樹、内政彰、村上寛、田村岳史、清水大輔, 小野数也、野口智英、平野大輔、橋田元、青木茂
  • Organizer: ROBOTICA研究集会
• [Presentation] Quasi-periodic breakups of multi-year landfast sea ice and associated change of a floating glacier tongue in Lutzow-Holm Bay, East Antarctica since 1980 (2017)
  • Author(s): Ushio, S., T. Toyota, D. Nomura, K. Nakamura
  • Organizer: International Symposium on Polar Ice, Polar Climate, Polar Change
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] 海氷内部でのイカイト結晶の生成条件の検討 (2017)
  • Author(s): 野村大樹、中島遥香
  • Organizer: 日本海洋学会秋季大会
• [Presentation] Mooring measurement in Bowdoin Fjord in northwestern Greenland (2017)
  • Author(s): Fukamachi Y., N. Kanna, S. Sugiyama, Y. Ohashi, D. Sakakibara, D. Nomura.
  • Organizer: The Eighth Symposium on Polar Science
• [Presentation] Mechanism of CaCO3 (ikaite) precipitation in sea ice (2017)
  • Author(s): Nomura D., H. Nakajima
  • Organizer: The Eighth Symposium on Polar Science
• [Presentation] Enrichmente culturing of organic-gas producing bacteria from cold seawater (2017)
  • Author(s): Kataoka T., A. Ooki, D. Nomura
  • Organizer: The Eighth Symposium on Polar Science
• [Presentation] Carbon transport by Dense Shelf Water formation in the Cape Darnley Polynya, East Antarctica (2017)
  • Author(s): Kan Murakami, Daiki Nomura, Gen Hashida, Shin-ichiro Nakaoka, Yujiro Kitade, Daisuke Hirano, Kay, I. Ohshima
  • Organizer: The Eighth Symposium on Polar Science
• [Book] 海をまるごとサイエンス : 水産科学の世界へようこそ (2018)
  • Author(s): 海に魅せられた北大の研究者たち（8章、野村大樹）
  • Total Pages: 127
  • Publisher: 海文堂出版
  • ISBN: 9784303800017
• [Remarks] Daiki Nomura
  • URL: https://sites.google.com/view/daikinomura/home
• [Remarks] 北海道大学研究者一覧
  • URL: https://researchers.general.hokudai.ac.jp/profile/ja.235c7bdc4d87ed44520e17560c007669.html
• [Remarks] Daiki Nomura: Sea Ice Biogeochemistry
  • URL: https://sites.google.com/view/daikinomura/home
• [Remarks] ECV-Ice
  • URL: https://sites.google.com/view/ecv-ice/%E3%83%9B%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A0