| Budget Amount *help |
¥24,440,000 (Direct Cost: ¥18,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥5,640,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥6,110,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,410,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥6,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,500,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥6,240,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,440,000)
Fiscal Year 2017: ¥5,590,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,290,000)
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
In this study, we obtained results that support the hypothesis that "the fruiting timing determines whether animals disperse seeds toward higher or lower altitudes." In endozoochory, birds and mammals dispersed seeds of spring-summer fruiting plants toward higher altitudes, they dispersed seeds of autumn-winter fruiting plants toward lower altitudes. As for plants that produce seeds between summer and autumn, obvious vertical seed dispersal was not observed. The absolute seed dispersal distance was larger for animals with larger home ranges. In synzoochory, corvids dispersed seeds of autumn fruiting plants toward lower altitudes. Literature surveys have shown that the distributions of spring-summer fruiting plants tend to move toward higher altitudes compared to autumn-winter fruiting plants, although not statistically significant.
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