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Judicial Policymaking in Japan and the United States

Research Project

Project/Area Number 17K03320
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Research Field Fundamental law
Research InstitutionWaseda University (2019-2022)
Akita International University (2017-2018)

Principal Investigator

Akiba Takeshi  早稲田大学, 国際学術院, 准教授 (80453009)

Project Period (FY) 2017-04-01 – 2023-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2022)
Budget Amount *help
¥3,770,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥870,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥1,170,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥270,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥1,560,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥360,000)
Fiscal Year 2017: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000)
Keywords政策形成型訴訟 / 同性婚訴訟 / 法の下の平等 / 憲法訴訟 / 司法積極主義 / 日本国憲法 / アメリカ合衆国憲法 / 法社会学 / 司法過程 / 司法政治学 / 司法政治 / マイノリティの権利 / 人権 / 司法審査 / 一票の格差 / 司法 / 憲法 / 比較法 / 司法過程論 / 連邦最高裁 / マイノリティ / 基礎法学 / 統治機構論
Outline of Final Research Achievements

This project focused on cause lawyering and judicial policymaking in Japan and the U.S., engaging in case studies especially of the ongoing litigation demanding the right to marry in Japan. Through extensive research including interviews with lawyers involved in such litigation, this study provided an update on lines of research on this theme, on questions such as how and for what purpose such litigation is brought forth, the effects that the process and outcome of such litigation may have on different actors, how litigation is connected (or detached) from the larger community and movements, and how courts and judges respond to such litigation.
The outcome of this research has been presented to academic conferences both inside and outside Japan, in academic journals both in Japanese and English, as well as at other venues such as symposiums and public lectures.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

同性婚訴訟や一票の格差訴訟など、政策形成型訴訟は広範な政治的社会的インパクトがある問題を司法を通じて提起するものである。それだけに、そのプロセスのあり方や、正統性(司法部門と政治部門の役割分担など)が特にこうした事象・研究の先行するアメリカで厳しく問われてきた。日本でも近年、特に憲法の「法の下の平等」の実現を目指す訴訟が様々な形で提起されており、裁判所も比較的積極的に取り組む傾向が見られる。本研究はその中でも近年耳目を集める日米の同性婚訴訟を中心に、法社会学的な観点から独自にデータを収集・分析し、こうした訴訟の意義や課題、また司法のあり方について、新たな知見を学界・社会に提供した。

Report

(7 results)
  • 2022 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2021 Research-status Report
  • 2020 Research-status Report
  • 2019 Research-status Report
  • 2018 Research-status Report
  • 2017 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (22 results)

All 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018

All Journal Article (7 results) (of which Open Access: 1 results) Presentation (12 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 4 results) Book (3 results)

  • [Journal Article] 法社会学の視点からの同性婚訴訟ー政策形成型訴訟の今日的展開-2023

    • Author(s)
      秋葉丈志
    • Journal Title

      法社会学

      Volume: 89 Pages: 132-143

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Same-sex Marriage Litigation in Japan2023

    • Author(s)
      Akiba, Takeshi
    • Journal Title

      Waseda Bulletin of Comparative Law

      Volume: 41 Pages: 41-53

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Open Access
  • [Journal Article] ロバーツ長官の判決行動:Judicial Statesmanshipと保守的憲法観2023

    • Author(s)
      秋葉丈志
    • Journal Title

      中村民雄・編「多様化するアメリカと合衆国最高裁判所ーロバーツ・コートの軌跡と課題」

      Volume: 0 Pages: 239-254

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] (最近の判例)Boston v. Clayton Countyー性別による雇用差別を禁止する公民権法Title VIIは性的志向による差別も禁止対象とする2021

    • Author(s)
      秋葉丈志
    • Journal Title

      アメリカ法

      Volume: 2021-1 Pages: 138-143

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Journal Article] 社会運動としての同性婚訴訟2020

    • Author(s)
      秋葉丈志
    • Journal Title

      法と社会研究

      Volume: 5 Pages: 31-66

    • NAID

      40022271488

    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Journal Article] (書評) Sosho to senmonchi: Kagaku gijutsu jidai ni okeru saiban no yakuwari to sono henyo (Litigation and Expertise: The Evolving Role of Courts in the Era of Science and Technology) , by Chihara Watanabe2019

    • Author(s)
      Takeshi Akiba
    • Journal Title

      Social Science Japan Journal

      Volume: 23: 1 Issue: 1 Pages: 128-131

    • DOI

      10.1093/ssjj/jyz044

    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Journal Article] 差別と公人・公的機関の役割ー「平等」と「個人の尊厳」の実現のために2018

    • Author(s)
      秋葉丈志
    • Journal Title

      法学セミナー

      Volume: 757 Pages: 26-31

    • Related Report
      2017 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] ロバーツ・コートの変遷と保守派判事の憲法解釈2023

    • Author(s)
      秋葉丈志
    • Organizer
      同志社大学アメリカ研究所第2部門・早稲田大学比較法研究所アメリカ最高裁研究会/アメリカ法判例研究会 合同研究会
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Same-sex marriage, cause lawyering and judicial policymaking in Japan2023

    • Author(s)
      Akiba, Takeshi
    • Organizer
      Law and Society Association
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 法社会学の視点から:政策形成型訴訟の今日的展開(シンポジウム「社会運動と司法ー同性婚訴訟を対象に」)2022

    • Author(s)
      秋葉丈志
    • Organizer
      日本法社会学会
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 国籍はく奪条項裁判の意味と今後について2021

    • Author(s)
      秋葉丈志
    • Organizer
      AMF2020
    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] 社会運動としての同性婚訴訟2020

    • Author(s)
      秋葉丈志
    • Organizer
      公法理論研究会(有志研究会)
    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] ロバーツ長官の判決行動:Judicial Statesmanshipと保守的憲法観?2020

    • Author(s)
      秋葉丈志
    • Organizer
      アメリカ法判例研究会(早稲田大学)
    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] Same-sex marriage litigation and legal mobilization in Japan2019

    • Author(s)
      Takeshi Akiba
    • Organizer
      Asian Law and Society Association
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] No Legal Rights nor Litigation: The Paradox of LGBT Activism in Japan2019

    • Author(s)
      Takeshi Akiba
    • Organizer
      Law and Society Association (U.S.)
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 国籍確認訴訟における弁護士と支援団体の役割2019

    • Author(s)
      秋葉丈志
    • Organizer
      無国籍研究会
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] No legal rights nor litigation: The paradox of LGBT activism in Japan2019

    • Author(s)
      Takeshi Akiba
    • Organizer
      Law and Society Association Annual Meeting
    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 国籍確認訴訟における弁護士と支援団体の役割2019

    • Author(s)
      秋葉 丈志
    • Organizer
      無国籍研究会
    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] Can the U.S. Supreme Court be a Model for Japan? Rethinking the Role of Courts in a Comparative Perspective2018

    • Author(s)
      Takeshi Akiba
    • Organizer
      APSA Centennial Center Research-in-Progress Brown Bag Speaker Series
    • Related Report
      2017 Research-status Report
  • [Book] 公法・人権理論の再構成2021

    • Author(s)
      秋葉 丈志、片上 孝洋、平岡 章夫、藤井 正希(編)
    • Total Pages
      348
    • Publisher
      成文堂
    • ISBN
      9784792306960
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Book] 現代日本の司法ー「司法制度改革」以降の人と制度2020

    • Author(s)
      市川正人、大久保史郎、斎藤 浩、渡辺千原 編著
    • Total Pages
      532
    • Publisher
      日本評論社
    • ISBN
      9784535524743
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Book] 人権保障と国家機能の再考ー憲法重要問題の研究2020

    • Author(s)
      後藤光男、高島譲 編著
    • Total Pages
      328
    • Publisher
      成文堂
    • ISBN
      9784792306649
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report

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Published: 2017-04-28   Modified: 2024-01-30  

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