Development of a novel pneumococcal vaccine with iron oxide nanoparticle for mucosal immunity

Research Project

Project/Area Number	17K10013
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
Allocation Type	Multi-year Fund
Section	一般
Research Field	Infectious disease medicine
Research Institution	Tohoku University
Principal Investigator	Ishii Keiko 東北大学, 医学系研究科, 准教授 (00291253)
Project Period (FY)	2017-04-01 – 2020-03-31
Project Status	Completed (Fiscal Year 2019)
Budget Amount *help	¥4,680,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,080,000) Fiscal Year 2019: ¥1,820,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥420,000) Fiscal Year 2018: ¥1,560,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥360,000) Fiscal Year 2017: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000)
Keywords	新規肺炎球菌ワクチン / ユニバーサルワクチン / 酸化鉄ナノ粒子 / アジュバント / 感染防御効果 / 肺炎球菌 / ナノ粒子ワクチン / 粘膜免疫 / 粘膜免役
Outline of Final Research Achievements	We constructed a novel pneumococcal vaccine, PspA-IONP, consisted of pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA) and iron oxide nanoparticle (IONP) with a novel technique. Intratracheal immunization of mice with PspA-IONP induced high levels of systemic PspA-specific IgG antibody than with PspA alone and mucosal PspA-specific IgA antibody that was not detected with PspA alone. When the PspA-IONP-immunized mice were infected with Streptococcus pneumoniae, bacterial proliferation was suppressed, and survival was markedly improved. These results suggest the availability of PspA-IONP as a mucosal immunity-inducing pneumococcal vaccine.
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements	現行の肺炎球菌ワクチンは一部の血清型の菌に有効であるが、ワクチンに含まれない血清型の菌が増加する「血清型置換」の解決が課題となっている。本研究では、すべての血清型の菌に存在するpneumococcal surface protein A（PspA）を酸化鉄ナノ粒子（iron oxide nanoparticle: IONP）に独自の方法で結合させたPspA-IONP を作成し、マウスでその効果を実証した。IONPは吸入用ドライパウダー製剤化を目指したアジュバントであり、他のワクチンにも応用可能である。