| Budget Amount *help |
¥3,550,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥450,000)
Fiscal Year 2007: ¥1,950,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥450,000)
Fiscal Year 2006: ¥1,600,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,600,000)
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| Research Abstract |
This study investigated and analyzed the actual situation of child rare and the decline of birthrate in Russia in these two years. The main conclusions are as follows.
By the effect of the breakup of USSR in the end of 1991, the decline of birthrate advanced rapidly in Russia in 1990s. As a result, crude birth rate which was 49‰ before the breakup dropped to 31‰ at the end of 1990s. However, it has begun to be restored from the beginning of 21st century. Recent crude birth rate reaches on the latter half of 30‰.
On the other hand, crude mortality rate rose after the breakup and remains in a higher standard even now In consequence, the population turned in natural decrease after the breakup. The natural decrease rate is being over 6‰ from the end of 1990s.
The enrolment to childcare facilities exceeded 70% just before the breakup. Now it falls to approximately 50% in Russia, and in particular to 35% in rural. As a result, the phenomenon so-called the retreat from cooperation of child care appears.
The following points are nominated for the factor of the above situations: (1) reduction of networks of childcare facilities, (2) down of trust by parents to childcare facilities, (3) intention to being housewives to be strengthened in younger generations. (4) tendency to decrease of completed fertility rate.
The Russian economy is improving after 2000. By reflect of this situation, childcare budge is increased, and reduction of networks of childcare facilities is stopped. The child image of couples and families is changing, too. Childcare in Russia is on the process of a sudden change. Therefore it needs to pay attention to it for a while.
For more information of this study, it is better for you to refer my report in Japanese and English including the long-term trend of childcare in Russia from the latter half of 19th century to the first half of 20th century.
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