| Budget Amount *help |
¥17,030,000 (Direct Cost: ¥13,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,930,000)
Fiscal Year 2022: ¥3,510,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥810,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥2,990,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥690,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥3,250,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥750,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥2,730,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥630,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥4,550,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,050,000)
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
The process by which things become useless as daily utensils (i.e., things become garbage) is determined by multilayered relationships between people and things, materiality. Objects used in Africa are created, used, and returned to the earth after their forms decay by people in a material circulation. People’s knowledge and technology encourages this circulation to speed it up or stall it. In Africa, some ethnic groups do not have a term "garbage" in their mother language as a useless object. In the Aari community in Ethiopia, the term "good" or "bad" in their mother language is used, rather than "useless". Aari people are involved in this material circulation by using their knowledge and technology. The process by which objects become useless waste is influenced by human behavior based on the socio-cultural context.
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