| Budget Amount *help |
¥4,290,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥990,000)
Fiscal Year 2022: ¥650,000 (Direct Cost: ¥500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥150,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥390,000 (Direct Cost: ¥300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥90,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥390,000 (Direct Cost: ¥300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥90,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥1,560,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥360,000)
|
|---|
| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
In the middle to late Tang era, some scholars contained epitaphs and funeral orations that mourned the death of their wives in their collections of works. Yet writing funeral orations was never a common practice because writing about women in their households deviated from the Confucian norm. However, in the Ming era, it almost became a rule for scholars to write epitaphs and funeral orations for their deceased wives. In addition, they started using the form of a brief biography in prose, which previously had been used solely to honor men and to commemorate their achievements. The objects of mourning have also expanded from their married wives to concubines. This research demonstrates that these developments occurred against the backdrop of a growing mentality that showed more respect and understanding for marital bonds and affections among the literati community in the Ming and Qing eras.
|
