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Solving the smooth unknotting conjecture in dimension four

Research Project

Project/Area Number 18K03306
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 11020:Geometry-related
Research InstitutionOsaka Metropolitan University (2022)
Osaka City University (2018-2021)

Principal Investigator

Matumoto Takao  大阪公立大学, 数学研究所, 特別研究員 (50025467)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 鎌田 聖一  大阪大学, 大学院理学研究科, 教授 (60254380)
大槻 知忠  京都大学, 数理解析研究所, 教授 (50223871)
Project Period (FY) 2018-04-01 – 2023-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2022)
Budget Amount *help
¥2,470,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥570,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥390,000 (Direct Cost: ¥300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥90,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥780,000 (Direct Cost: ¥600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥180,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥520,000 (Direct Cost: ¥400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥120,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥780,000 (Direct Cost: ¥600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥180,000)
Keywordsトポロジー / 2次元結び目 / 2次元ブレイド / チャート図の変形 / マルコフ型定理 / 4次元トポロジー / 直交2ハンドル組 / 2次元滑らか結び目 / 解け予想 / 2次元ブレイド / カスプ
Outline of Final Research Achievements

We attempted to prove the smooth unknotting conjecture in dimension four by using the idea of 1-paramter family of 2-dimensional braids. Although we have not succeeded with the conjecture itself, we have shown that under a certain condition, if two charts presenting 2-dimensional braids are related by a one-parameter family of charts possibly with at most one node then they are related by another one without node. We also introduced a partial order on finite sequences of transpositions, which is related to finger moves on 2-dimensional braids.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

2次元滑らか結び目の解け予想は、4次元空間の中に埋め込まれた球面に関する予想であり、微分トポロジーにおける重要な問題の一つである。4次元空間の中に埋め込まれた球面などの曲面は2次元ブレイドと呼ばれるとても良い形状に変形できることが知られており、2次元ブレイドを平面上の図式で表したものがチャートである。今回得られたチャートの変形に関する研究成果は、今後の4次元空間の中に埋め込まれた曲面の研究などに有用となりうる。

Report

(6 results)
  • 2022 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2021 Research-status Report
  • 2020 Research-status Report
  • 2019 Research-status Report
  • 2018 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (25 results)

All 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018

All Journal Article (9 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 7 results,  Peer Reviewed: 9 results,  Open Access: 9 results) Presentation (14 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 12 results,  Invited: 14 results) Book (1 results) Funded Workshop (1 results)

  • [Journal Article] Doodles and commutator identities2022

    • Author(s)
      Bartholomew Andrew、Fenn Roger、Kamada Naoko、Kamada Seiichi
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Knot Theory and Its Ramifications

      Volume: 31 Issue: 08

    • DOI

      10.1142/s0218216522400016

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Cocycles of G-Alexander biquandles and G-Alexander multiple conjugation biquandles2021

    • Author(s)
      Ishii Atsushi、Iwakiri Masahide、Kamada Seiichi、Kim Jieon、Matsuzaki Shosaku、Oshiro Kanako
    • Journal Title

      Topology and its Applications

      Volume: 301 Pages: 107512-107512

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.topol.2020.107512

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Tensor products of quandles and 1-handles attached to surface-links2021

    • Author(s)
      Kamada Seiichi
    • Journal Title

      Topology and its Applications

      Volume: 301 Pages: 107520-107520

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.topol.2020.107520

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Knotted surfaces as vanishing sets of polynomials2021

    • Author(s)
      BODE Benjamin、KAMADA Seiichi
    • Journal Title

      Journal of the Mathematical Society of Japan

      Volume: 73 Issue: 4 Pages: 1289-1322

    • DOI

      10.2969/jmsj/84618461

    • NAID

      130008106929

    • ISSN
      0025-5645, 1881-1167, 1881-2333
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Virtual links which are equivalent as twisted links2020

    • Author(s)
      Kamada Naoko、Kamada Seiichi
    • Journal Title

      Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society

      Volume: 148 Issue: 5 Pages: 2273-2285

    • DOI

      10.1090/proc/14899

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] An unknotting index for virtual knots2019

    • Author(s)
      Kirandeep Kaur, Seiichi Kamada, Akio Kawauchi, Prabhakar Madeti
    • Journal Title

      Tokyo Journal of Mathematics

      Volume: 42

    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] On the quantum SU(2) invariant at q=exp(4πi/N) and the twisted Reidemeister torsion for some closed 3-manifolds2019

    • Author(s)
      大槻知忠,高田敏恵
    • Journal Title

      Communications in Mathematical Physics

      Volume: 370 Issue: 1 Pages: 151-204

    • DOI

      10.1007/s00220-019-03489-2

    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Presentation of immersed surface-links by marked graph diagrams2018

    • Author(s)
      Kamada Seiichi、Kawauchi Akio、Kim Jieon、Lee Sang Youl
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Knot Theory and Its Ramifications

      Volume: 27 Issue: 10 Pages: 1850052-1850052

    • DOI

      10.1142/s0218216518500529

    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Biquandle cohomology and state-sum invariants of links and surface-links2018

    • Author(s)
      Kamada Seiichi、Kawauchi Akio、Kim Jieon、Lee Sang Youl
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Knot Theory and Its Ramifications

      Volume: 27 Issue: 11 Pages: 1843016-1843016

    • DOI

      10.1142/s0218216518430162

    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] On braid presentation of twisted links2023

    • Author(s)
      Seiichi Kamada
    • Organizer
      The 18th East Asian Conference on Geometric Topology
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] On braid presentation of twisted links and spatial graphs2023

    • Author(s)
      Seiichi Kamada
    • Organizer
      Knots Algebra and Geometry
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Graphic descriptions of topological objects, I2022

    • Author(s)
      Seiichi Kamada
    • Organizer
      Singularity theory and geometric topology
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Graphic descriptions of topological objects, II2022

    • Author(s)
      Seiichi Kamada
    • Organizer
      Singularity theory and geometric topology
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Braid presentation of spatial graphs2022

    • Author(s)
      Seiichi Kamada
    • Organizer
      A mini-workshop on low-dimensional geometry and topology
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Commutator identities related to curves on a surface2021

    • Author(s)
      Seiichi Kamada
    • Organizer
      The 4-th Conference "Groups and quandles in low-dimensional topology"
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] 曲面のブレイドと結び目について2021

    • Author(s)
      鎌田聖一
    • Organizer
      研究集会「結び目理論」
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Braids, I2020

    • Author(s)
      Seiichi Kamada
    • Organizer
      Knots through web ICTS
    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Braids, II2020

    • Author(s)
      Seiichi Kamada
    • Organizer
      Knots through web ICTS
    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] The motion group and the ring group of an H-trivial link and its application2020

    • Author(s)
      Seiichi Kamada
    • Organizer
      The 15th East Asian Conference on Geometric Topology
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Motions and their actions on the fundamental groups and quandles of H-trivial links2020

    • Author(s)
      Seiichi Kamada
    • Organizer
      AMS Joint Mathematics Meeting
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] H-trivial linkのモーション群とはめ込み曲面絡み目2019

    • Author(s)
      鎌田聖一
    • Organizer
      4次元トポロジー
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Tensor products of quandles and classification of 1-handles attaching to surface-links2019

    • Author(s)
      Seiichi Kamada
    • Organizer
      Third Pan-Pacific International Conference on Topology and Applications
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] On surfaces immersed in 4-space2018

    • Author(s)
      Seiichi Kamada
    • Organizer
      4-dimensional Topology
    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Book] Diagrammatic Algebra2022

    • Author(s)
      J. Scott Carter, Seiichi Kamada
    • Total Pages
      365
    • Publisher
      American Mathematical Society
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Funded Workshop] Four Dimensional Topology2018

    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report

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Published: 2018-04-23   Modified: 2024-01-30  

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