Construction of surface temperatures off the Kanto-Tokai districts over the past 108 years: Coastal warming and its influence on Japanese climate

• Project/Area Number: 18K03737
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 17020:Atmospheric and hydrospheric sciences-related
• Research Institution: Tohoku University
• Principal Investigator: Sugimoto Shusaku 東北大学, 理学研究科, 准教授 (50547320)
• Project Period (FY): 2018-04-01 – 2022-03-31
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2021)
• Budget Amount: ¥4,290,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥990,000); Fiscal Year 2021: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000); Fiscal Year 2020: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000); Fiscal Year 2019: ¥650,000 (Direct Cost: ¥500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥150,000); Fiscal Year 2018: ¥1,170,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥270,000)
• Keywords: 黒潮 / 大気海洋相互作用 / 大蛇行 / 地域気候 / 水蒸気 / 温暖化 / CMIP6 / 猛暑 / 混合層 / 黒潮大蛇行 / 沿岸 / 関東地方 / 夏 / 関東東海沖沿岸沖昇温 / 沿岸域大気海洋相互作用 / 黒潮内側域 / 水温 / 気候 / 海洋物理 / 気候変動 / 気候変化 / 海陸風

Outline of Final Research Achievements

We collected oceanographic data from research institutes around the world and produced the past 100-year temperature time series for the inner region between Japan and the Kuroshio. As a result, we found that the inner region off the Kanto-Tokai district has warmed remarkably down to a depth of a few hundred meters. The world's most advanced satellite observation data and in-situ data from R/V Shinsei-maru revealed the coastal warming off the Kanto-Tokai district associated with the Kuroshio large meander and clarified that the warming is induced by the westward Kuroshio bifurcation. Numerical experiments using an atmospheric model revealed that the increased water vapor associated with the coastal warming in the Kanto-Tokai district causes a hotter and wetter summer climate in the Kanto region.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

近年、地球温暖化に伴う海の変化が気候に及ぼす影響が懸念されている。本研究課題により、水蒸気を介して海洋（関東・東海沖沿岸域）が陸上気候（関東周辺の夏季気候）に影響を及ぼすことを世界で初めて明らかにした。近年、大気中の水蒸気は地球温暖化の進行とともに増加していることが指摘されており、今後、黒潮の流れ方によっては関東周辺は一層厳しい夏になることが懸念される。本研究成果は熱中症のリスクの低減や気候変動適応計画の策定に貢献するものである。

Research Products

• [Int'l Joint Research] ハワイ大学マノア校(米国)
• [Int'l Joint Research] University of Hawaii/International Pacific Research Center(米国)
• [Int'l Joint Research] ハワイ大学マノア校(米国)
• [Journal Article] Decreasing Wintertime Mixed‐Layer Depth in the Northwestern North Pacific Subtropical Gyre (2022)
  • Author(s): Sugimoto S.
  • Journal Title: Geophysical Research Letters Volume: 49 Issue: 2
  • DOI: 10.1029/2021gl095091
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Temporal variations of net Kuroshio transport based on a repeated hydrographic section along 137°E (2021)
  • Author(s): Kawakami Yuma, Kojima Atsushi, Murakami Kiyoshi, Nakano Toshiya, Sugimoto Shusaku
  • Journal Title: Climate Dynamics Volume: - Issue: 5-6 Pages: 1703-1713
  • DOI: 10.1007/s00382-021-06061-8
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Marked coastal warming off Tokai attributable to Kuroshio large meander (2020)
  • Author(s): Sugimoto Shusaku、Qiu Bo、Kojima Atsushi
  • Journal Title: Journal of Oceanography Volume: 76 Issue: 2 Pages: 141-154
  • DOI: 10.1007/s10872-019-00531-8
  • NAID: 40022183739
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] On the Reset of the Wind-Forced Decadal Kuroshio Extension Variability in Late 2017 (2020)
  • Author(s): Qiu Bo、Chen Shuiming、Schneider Niklas、Oka Eitarou、Sugimoto Shusaku
  • Journal Title: Journal of Climate Volume: 33 Issue: 24 Pages: 10813-10828
  • DOI: 10.1175/jcli-d-20-0237.1
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Local Atmospheric Response to the Kuroshio Large Meander Path in Summer and Its Remote Influence on the Climate of Japan (2020)
  • Author(s): Sugimoto Shusaku、Qiu Bo、Schneider Niklas
  • Journal Title: Journal of Climate Volume: - Issue: 9 Pages: 3571-3589
  • DOI: 10.1175/jcli-d-20-0387.1
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] 関東地方の夏季気温上昇への黒潮大蛇行の影響 (2022)
  • Author(s): 杉本周作
  • Organizer: 2021年度長期予報研究連絡会
• [Presentation] Impact of the 2017 Kuroshio Large Meander on the Decadal Kuroshio Extension Variability (2021)
  • Author(s): Bo Qiu, Shuiming Chen, Niklas Schneider, Eitarou Oka, Shusaku Sugimoto
  • Organizer: Japan Geoscience Union Meeting 2021
  • Invited
• [Presentation] 最近の持続する黒潮大蛇行が亜熱帯モード水に与える影響。パート1：分布域全体における形成と移流 (2021)
  • Author(s): 岡英太郎, 西川はつみ, 杉本周作, Bo Qiu, Niklas Schneider
  • Organizer: Japan Geoscience Union Meeting 2021
• [Presentation] 最近の持続する黒潮大蛇行が亜熱帯モード水に与える影響。パート２：四国沖再循環における形成と時間発展 (2021)
  • Author(s): 西川はつみ, 杉本周作, 岡英太郎
  • Organizer: Japan Geoscience Union Meeting 2021
• [Presentation] 黒潮大蛇行に起因した関東地方の夏季気温上昇 (2021)
  • Author(s): 杉本周作、Bo Qiu, Niklas Schneider
  • Organizer: Japan Geoscience Union Meeting 2021
• [Presentation] 気象庁東経137度定線における黒潮流量の時間変動 (2021)
  • Author(s): 川上雄真, 中野俊也, 小嶋惇, 村上潔, 杉本周作
  • Organizer: Japan Geoscience Union Meeting 2021
• [Presentation] Subtropical Mode Water in a recent persisting Kuroshio large meander period. (2021)
  • Author(s): Hatsumi Nishikawa, Eitarou Oka, Shusaku Sugimoto, Bo Qiu, Niklas Schneider
  • Organizer: International workshop for mid-latitude air-sea interaction: advancing predictive understanding of regional climate variability and change across timescales
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] Local atmospheric response to the Kuroshio large meander path in summer and its remote influence on the climate of Japan (2021)
  • Author(s): Shusaku Sugimoto, Bo Qiu, Niklas Schneider
  • Organizer: International workshop for mid-latitude air-sea interaction: advancing predictive understanding of regional climate variability and change across timescales
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] Interplay of Intrinsic versus Forced Decadal Kuroshio Extension Variability: Observations and Predictability (2021)
  • Author(s): Bo Qiu, Shuiming Chen, Niklas Schneider, Eitarou Oka, Shusaku Sugimoto
  • Organizer: International workshop for mid-latitude air-sea interaction: advancing predictive understanding of regional climate variability and change across timescales
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] 最近の持続する黒潮大蛇行が亜熱帯モード水に与える影響 (2021)
  • Author(s): 岡英太郎, 西川はつみ, 杉本周作
  • Organizer: 2021年度日本海洋学会秋季大会
• [Presentation] 黒潮大蛇行が遠州灘沿岸域の海象・気象に与える影響 ～新青丸KS-21-9次研究航海速報～ (2021)
  • Author(s): 西川はつみ, 岡英太郎, 杉本周作, 川合義美, 小橋史明
  • Organizer: 2021年度日本海洋学会秋季大会
• [Presentation] 気候への黒潮の役割について (2021)
  • Author(s): 杉本周作
  • Organizer: 2021年度日本海洋学会秋季大会シンポジウム「中緯度大気海洋相互作用研究の現状と展望」
• [Presentation] 大気場への中緯度海洋の役割：気象モデルを用いた研究 (2021)
  • Author(s): 杉本周作
  • Organizer: 第23回 非静力学モデルに関するワークショップ
  • Invited
• [Presentation] 黒潮加速 ～表層成層強化の影響～ (2020)
  • Author(s): 杉本周作，Bo QIU，岡英太郎，中野英之，山中吾郎，瀬藤聴，中野俊也
  • Organizer: 東京大学大気海洋研究所国際沿岸海洋研究センター共同研究集会「黒潮/親潮続流域の力学過程とその学際的応用
• [Presentation] 関東地方夏季気温場への日本南方黒潮流路の影響 (2019)
  • Author(s): 杉本周作
  • Organizer: Japan Geoscience Union Meeting 2019
• [Presentation] Influences of the Kuroshio on surface air temperature in Kanto district, Japan (2019)
  • Author(s): Sugimoto, S., B. Qiu, and N. Schneider
  • Organizer: Ocean Obs'19
• [Presentation] New perspective on air-sea interaction off the east coast of Japan (2018)
  • Author(s): Sugimoto, S.
  • Organizer: International Joint Graduate Program Workshop in Earth and Environmental Sciences
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Enhanced warming of the subtropical mode water in the North Pacific and North Atlantic (2018)
  • Author(s): Sugimoto, S., K. Hanawa, T. Watanabe, T. Suga, and S.-P. Xie
  • Organizer: 6th Argo Science Workshop
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Remarks] 研究内容紹介
  • URL: http://pol.gp.tohoku.ac.jp/sugimoto/main/research.html
• [Remarks] 黒潮大蛇行が関東地方の夏をより蒸し暑く
  • URL: https://www.tohoku.ac.jp/japanese/2021/03/press20210304-01-kuroshio.html
• [Remarks] Kuroshio May Cause Climatic Discomfort in Tokyo
  • URL: http://www.tohoku.ac.jp/en/press/kuroshio_current_climate_discomfort_tokyo.html