| Project/Area Number |
18K07190
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 49070:Immunology-related
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| Research Institution | Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science |
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Principal Investigator |
HIROI Takachika 公益財団法人東京都医学総合研究所, 疾患制御研究分野, 室長 (80228824)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2018-04-01 – 2022-03-31
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2021)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥4,420,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,020,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥1,170,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥270,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥1,820,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥420,000)
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| Keywords | アレルギー / スギ花粉症 / 舌下免疫療法 / 粘膜免疫 / 苦味受容体 / 花粉症 / 苦味レセプター / 作用機序 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
This study found that the bitter taste receptor (TAS2R) plays an important role in the elucidation of the mechanism of response to sublingual immunotherapy expressed on antigen-specific helper T cells. TAS2R expressed on CD4+ T cells in the peripheral blood of patients with observed sublingual immunotherapy was observed to be predominantly expressed TAS2R43. Furthermore, when treatment was continued in patients who were not effective in the first year, it was observed that the expression of TAS2R43 increased year by year after 2 and 3 years. These findings were considered to be of great use in understanding the pathology of cedar hay fever in the future and developing effective treatment methods.
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
スギ花粉症に代表されるアレルギー疾患は、発症原因が明らかにされていない。またこの疾患は年々増加の一途を辿っており、既に国民の半数近くの罹患者が認められている。根本的治療法として免疫療法が推奨されているが、その作用メカニズムも明らかではない。本研究は、舌下免疫療法の作用機序の一端を解明した。この結果は、アレルギー免疫療法における今後の治療効率や薬剤開発の大きな助けになると思われる。さらにアレルギー疾患の発症機序の解明に有効である結果である。さらに、苦味受容体43を治療効果のバイオマーカーとすれば治療効果を表す具体的な指標になると思われた。
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