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Rapid adaptation to mechanical tillage in weeds

Research Project

Project/Area Number 18K14464
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Review Section Basic Section 39040:Plant protection science-related
Research InstitutionThe University of Tokyo

Principal Investigator

Yuya Fukano  東京大学, 大学院農学生命科学研究科(農学部), 助教 (70713535)

Project Period (FY) 2018-04-01 – 2021-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2020)
Budget Amount *help
¥4,160,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥960,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥520,000 (Direct Cost: ¥400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥120,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥1,690,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥390,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥1,950,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥450,000)
Keywords雑草防除 / 進化 / 都市 / 急速な進化 / 雑草 / 農地 / ドローン / 耕うん / 抵抗性 / 管理
Outline of Final Research Achievements

We Focused on the difference in plant density (i.e., the number of competitors) in urban and agricultural environments. We produced urban and agricultural weed lineage, cultivated them under the same conditions, and compared their traits to examine the ongoing evolution in response to competitors. The results showed that plants from farmland populations had higher growth rates than plants from urban populations in high-competition treatments, and vice versa in low-competition treatments. Among populations, those with larger height/width ratios (farmland populations) were more tolerant of above-ground competition in high-competition treatments, but among individuals, those with larger ratios had lower growth rates in low-competition treatments. More plants from farmland populations, which had thicker stems (and larger height/width ratios), survived after experimental tillage than plants from urban habitats with thinner stems.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

一般的なイネ科雑草であるメヒシバ(図1)を対象に、都市と農地では植物の草姿が遺伝的に分化していることを発見しました。
都市と農地では植物間の競争の強さが異なり、この違いが草姿を急速に進化させる選択圧になりうることを示しました。植物において、競争者への形質進化を示した初めての事例です。
農地に適応した直立型個体は雑草防除(ロータリー耕)への耐性がありました。急速な進化を考慮することで雑草管理がより効果的になる可能性があります。

Report

(4 results)
  • 2020 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2019 Research-status Report
  • 2018 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (7 results)

All 2021 2020 2019

All Journal Article (2 results) (of which Peer Reviewed: 2 results) Presentation (4 results) Book (1 results)

  • [Journal Article] 除草剤抵抗性雑草の進化生態学的研究の現状と今後の展望2021

    • Author(s)
      深野祐也, 細田力, 丸山紀子
    • Journal Title

      雑草研究

      Volume: 印刷中

    • NAID

      130008064560

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Contemporary adaptive divergence of plant competitive traits in urban and rural populations and its implication for weed management2020

    • Author(s)
      Fukano Yuya、Guo Wei、Uchida Kei、Tachiki Yuuya
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Ecology

      Volume: 108 Issue: 6 Pages: 2521-2530

    • DOI

      10.1111/1365-2745.13472

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Presentation] 景観と進化をつなぐ:都市の雑草で生じた収斂進化の要因を景観要素から検証する2021

    • Author(s)
      深野祐也, 内田圭, 立木佑弥
    • Organizer
      日本生態学会
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 都市-農地における植物形態の急速な適応進化と雑草管理に与える影響2020

    • Author(s)
      深野祐也
    • Organizer
      第67回日本生態学会
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] 農地におけるメヒシバの形態形質の急速な進化と除草効率に与える影響2020

    • Author(s)
      深野祐也 郭威 立木佑弥 内田圭
    • Organizer
      日本雑草学会第59回大会
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] 耕起から生存する雑草の種および関連形質の探索2019

    • Author(s)
      細田 力,深野 祐也
    • Organizer
      日本雑草学会第58回大会
    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
  • [Book] 「遺伝子・多様性・循環の科学」3章 外来種における生態と進化の相互作用――外来種管理への応用は可能か.2019

    • Author(s)
      深野祐也
    • Total Pages
      17
    • Publisher
      京都大学出版会
    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report

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Published: 2018-04-23   Modified: 2022-01-27  

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