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Pharmacoepidemiological study for antibiotics use and long term effect on early childhood

Research Project

Project/Area Number 18K14980
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Review Section Basic Section 47060:Clinical pharmacy-related
Research InstitutionKyoto University

Principal Investigator

Yoshida Satomi  京都大学, 医学研究科, 特定講師 (30635066)

Project Period (FY) 2018-04-01 – 2021-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2020)
Budget Amount *help
¥4,030,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥930,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥210,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥2,080,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥480,000)
Keywords抗菌薬 / アトピー性皮膚炎 / アレルギー疾患 / 小児 / レセプトデータベース / 公衆衛生 / 医療政策 / 小児科学 / 薬剤疫学 / 公衆衛生学 / 抗菌薬の適正使用 / 衛生仮設 / 薬剤疫学研究 / 薬剤の不適切使用 / アレルギー疾患・自己免疫疾患 / 衛生仮説
Outline of Final Research Achievements

Our study included 85,954 children (female, 41,971; male, 43,983) those who were born from January 2005 to December 2014 on JMDC claims database. Exposure was defined as the prescription of antibiotics at <12 months of age, and outcome was subsequent diagnosis of atopic dermatitis (AD). The exposed and non-exposed groups consisted of 8,654 and 77,300 children, respectively. AD was diagnosed in 1,183 in the exposed group and 10,325 in the non-exposed. Participants in the exposed group were more likely to develop AD than in the non-exposed (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 1.12; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04-1.21). Additionally, those exposed to macrolides and aminoglycosides were more likely to develop AD. Our study showed that antibiotic exposure may be associated with an increased incidence of AD in children. Physiological fixation of the gastrointestinal microbiome and achieving immunity occur in early childhood, and therefore antibiotics use for them should be careful.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

近年、低年齢保育の拡充などによる時間外受診の増加などを背景として、安易に抗菌薬が処方される児が増加していることが指摘されている。一方、北欧など諸外国による検討では乳幼児期の抗菌薬曝露が児のアレルギー疾患罹患に関連することも報告されている。本研究では、これらの背景を踏まえて、我が国の小児に対する抗菌薬処方とアレルギー疾患との関連を大規模に検討することを目的とした。結果として乳児期の抗菌薬曝露とアトピー性皮膚炎の診断には、若干のリスク増加の方向に関連を認めた。乳幼児期は腸内細菌叢が形成され免疫機能を獲得する重要な時期であり、小児への抗菌薬投与は慎重に行われるべきであると考えられた。

Report

(4 results)
  • 2020 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2019 Research-status Report
  • 2018 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (4 results)

All 2020 2018

All Journal Article (2 results) (of which Peer Reviewed: 2 results,  Open Access: 1 results) Presentation (2 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 1 results)

  • [Journal Article] Assessment of asthma severity according to treatment steps in Japanese pediatric patients: A descriptive cross-sectional study using an administrative claims database.2020

    • Author(s)
      Satomi Yoshida, Shiro Tanaka, Yuichi Adachi, Hajime Yoshisue, Masanari Kozawa, Koji Kawakami.
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Asthma

      Volume: 22 Issue: 12 Pages: 1-7

    • DOI

      10.1080/02770903.2020.1821057

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Prenatal and early-life antibiotic use and risk of childhood asthma: A retrospective cohort study.2018

    • Author(s)
      Satomi Yoshida, Kazuki Ide, Masato Takeuchi, Koji Kawakami.
    • Journal Title

      Pediatric Allergy and Immunology.

      Volume: in press Issue: 5 Pages: 490-495

    • DOI

      10.1111/pai.12902

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Presentation] 乳児期の抗菌薬処方とアトピー性皮膚炎診断との関連:大規模レセプトデータによる検討.2020

    • Author(s)
      土田哲也,吉田都美,竹内正人,川上浩司.
    • Organizer
      第79回日本公衆衛生学会総会.
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Trends and pattern of antibiotic prescriptions for adult outpatients with acute upper respiratory tract infections in Japan, 2008-2018.2020

    • Author(s)
      Lyu Ji, Satomi Yoshida, Keisuke Matsubayashi, Koji Kawakami.
    • Organizer
      12th Asian Conference on Pharmacoepidemiology.
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research

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Published: 2018-04-23   Modified: 2022-01-27  

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