Elucidation of the mechanisms and development of novel therapeutic strategies of anaphylaxis focused on basophil activation

• Project/Area Number: 18K16540
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Review Section: Basic Section 55060:Emergency medicine-related
• Research Institution: Hiroshima University
• Principal Investigator: Yamaga Satoshi 広島大学, 原爆放射線医科学研究所, 助教 (30526223)
• Project Period (FY): 2018-04-01 – 2022-03-31
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2021)
• Budget Amount: ¥4,030,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥930,000); Fiscal Year 2020: ¥1,690,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥390,000); Fiscal Year 2019: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000); Fiscal Year 2018: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000)
• Keywords: アナフィラキシー / 好塩基球 / ヒスタミン

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Basophil counts in peripheral blood in patients with anaphylaxis decreased compared with controls. No patients with anaphylaxis demonstrated basophil activation in the peripheral blood. Additionally, only a few patients showed the potential for basophil activation in response to anti-IgE stimulation. The activated basophils possibly migrate out of the peripheral blood into the tissue. Moreover, basopenia might be correlated with the severity and coagulopathy of anaphylaxis.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

アナフィラキシーの発症は非常に急速であり、発症を予測することが困難な場合が多いために、ヒトを対象とした研究はあまり行われておらず、未解明な問題が多く残されている。また、アナフィラキシーには免疫機構（I型アレルギー）によるものと非免疫機構によるものがあり、好塩基球が病態形成にどのような影響を及ぼしているかは不明であった。今回の研究から、I型アレルギーの関与にかかわらず、アナフィラキシーの病態形成に好塩基球が重要な役割を担っていることが示唆された。

Research Products

• [Journal Article] Decreased intracellular histamine concentration and basophil activation in anaphylaxis (2020)
  • Author(s): Yamaga S, Yanase Y, Ishii K, Ohshimo S, Shime N, Hide M.
  • Journal Title: Allergology International Volume: 69 Issue: 1 Pages: 78-83
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2019.05.009
  • NAID: 130007788685
  • ISSN: 1323-8930, 1440-1592
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Presentation] Association between severity and coagulopathy in patients with anaphylaxis (2020)
  • Author(s): Satoshi Yamaga, Yuhki Yanase, Kaori Ishii, Koji Hosokawa, Shinichiro Ohshimo, Nobuaki Shime, Michihiro Hide
  • Organizer: 40th International Symposium on Intensive Care & Emergency Medicine
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] アナフィラキシーにおける原因別の重症度，転帰の検討 －広島市消防局の検証データに基づいた後方視的コホート研究－ (2020)
  • Author(s): 山賀聡之，細川康二，太田浩平，村尾正樹，三好磨耶，久保富嗣，大下慎一郎，志馬伸朗，廣橋伸之
  • Organizer: 第48回日本救急医学会総会・学術集会