| Budget Amount *help |
¥17,940,000 (Direct Cost: ¥13,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥4,140,000)
Fiscal Year 2022: ¥1,950,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥450,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥4,160,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥960,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥3,120,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥720,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥3,120,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥720,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥5,590,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,290,000)
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
We planned a study to evaluate the impacts of recent climate change - specifically, the increasingly frequent direct hits by typhoons and the resulting widespread windthrow-induced habitat alterations - on brown bears and Asian black bears in the Sikhote-Alin Biosphere Reserve in Primorsky Krai, Russia. However, due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the subsequent Russian invasion of Ukraine, we were unable to conduct direct field research despite extending the study period by two years. Preliminary analyses based on limited, snapshot-like data suggest that the open habitats created by windthrow may have a more negative impact on Asian black bears. Nevertheless, further data collection is needed to confirm these findings.
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