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Relationship between explosivity and driving force of eruption inferred from conduit geometry

Research Project

Project/Area Number 19K04024
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 17040:Solid earth sciences-related
Research InstitutionNational Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology

Principal Investigator

Geshi Nobuo  国立研究開発法人産業技術総合研究所, 地質調査総合センター, 研究グループ長 (70356955)

Project Period (FY) 2019-04-01 – 2024-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2023)
Budget Amount *help
¥3,770,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥870,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥1,170,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥270,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥1,690,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥390,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥210,000)
Keywords火山 / 噴火 / 火山爆発 / 噴火推移予測 / マグマ溜まり / 爆発的噴火 / 割れ目噴火 / カルデラ陥没 / マグマ過剰圧 / マグマ上昇速度 / メルト包有物 / 三宅島 / 桜島 / 火道 / マグマ / 爆発性 / 過剰圧
Outline of Research at the Start

マグマの地表への通路である火道の形状やその中のマグマの過剰圧は、地表における火山噴火の激しさや噴出率をコントロールする重要な物理量であるが、活動的火山ではそれを直接観測することは不可能である。本研究では、噴火割れ目の形状からマグマの過剰圧を弾性変形モデルにより復元し、噴出物の分布・岩相などから噴火の爆発性やマグマ噴出率を復元し、さらに噴出物の発泡組織から火道内のマグマ中の気泡量を復元する。これらを総合して割れ目噴火の爆発性の多様性に対するマグマ過剰圧の影響を評価する。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Explosive fissure eruptions on Sakurajima and Miyakejima volcanoes were investigated to estimate magma excess pressure in magma chamber and conduit. We collected samples along the stratigraphic sequence of the deposits and analyzed the depressurization microstructures to examine the magma decompression rate, eruption rate, and magma excess pressure. The temporal development process of magma excess pressure obtained at Sakurajima and other volcanoes was applied to fissure eruptions of larger caldera-forming eruptions to advance a comprehensive understanding of magma accumulation and magma pressure changes in the crater during explosive eruptions of various sizes.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

爆発的割れ目噴火の発生やその推移をコントロールするマグマの過剰圧変化を実際の噴火事例を用いて復元し、割れ目噴火の爆発性と火道中のマグマの過剰圧との関係を明らかにした.マグマ過剰圧は噴火直前の地盤変動などに直接反映するため、本研究の成果は噴火直前の地盤変動から発生が切迫する割れ目噴火の爆発性の予測に直結する.

Report

(6 results)
  • 2023 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2022 Research-status Report
  • 2021 Research-status Report
  • 2020 Research-status Report
  • 2019 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (8 results)

All 2024 2023 2022 2020 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (2 results) Journal Article (2 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 2 results,  Peer Reviewed: 2 results,  Open Access: 2 results) Presentation (4 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 2 results,  Invited: 3 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] Universidad Catolica de Chile(チリ)

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] ローマ第三大学/フィレンツェ大学/INGV(イタリア)

    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Journal Article] Evolution of the magma plumbing system of Miyakejima volcano with periodic recharge of basaltic magmas2022

    • Author(s)
      Geshi Nobuo、Oikawa Teruki、Weller Derek J.、Conway Chris E.
    • Journal Title

      Earth, Planets and Space

      Volume: 74 Issue: 1 Pages: 20-20

    • DOI

      10.1186/s40623-022-01577-7

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Magmatic overpressures, volatile exsolution and potential explosivity of fissure eruptions inferred via dike aspect ratios2020

    • Author(s)
      Geshi Nobuo、Browning John、Kusumoto Shigekazu
    • Journal Title

      Scientific Reports

      Volume: 10 Issue: 1 Pages: 9406-9406

    • DOI

      10.1038/s41598-020-66226-z

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Decompression of magma chamber toward caldera collapse and eruption of voluminous ignimbrite2024

    • Author(s)
      Nobuo Geshi
    • Organizer
      Submarine caldera volcanoes - The cutting edge of our understanding achieved by various approaches -
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Pressure evolution in magma chamber on the development of collapse caldera2023

    • Author(s)
      Nobuo Geshi
    • Organizer
      IAVCEI the 8th Collapse Caldera Workshop
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] 桜島1914年噴火のプリニー式噴火期のマグマ上昇過程2023

    • Author(s)
      下司信夫
    • Organizer
      日本火山学会2023年秋季大会
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 大規模火砕噴火の準備・トリガー・推移と そのメカニズム2023

    • Author(s)
      下司信夫
    • Organizer
      日本地球惑星科学連合2023年大会
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Invited

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Published: 2019-04-18   Modified: 2025-01-30  

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