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The role of circa-annual rhythm in the occurrence of flowering disorder in Japanese pear and a possible technique to alleviate the severity by rhythm synchronization

Research Project

Project/Area Number 19K06040
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 39030:Horticultural science-related
Research InstitutionNational Agriculture and Food Research Organization

Principal Investigator

Ito Akiko  国立研究開発法人農業・食品産業技術総合研究機構, 果樹茶業研究部門, 室長 (30355383)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 喜多 正幸  国立研究開発法人農業・食品産業技術総合研究機構, 果樹茶業研究部門, 上級研究員 (10343972)
Project Period (FY) 2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2021)
Budget Amount *help
¥4,420,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,020,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥1,560,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥360,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥1,560,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥360,000)
Keywordsニホンナシ / 休眠 / 発芽不良 / 生理活性物質
Outline of Research at the Start

近年の気候温暖化に伴い発生が増加しているニホンナシの春の発芽・開花不良について、発生メカニズムの解明と対策技術の開発を行う。具体的にはわれわれの仮説、すなわち秋の高温が花芽の休眠導入を遅らせ、その結果花芽が低温感受性の高い時期に成熟に必要な低温に遭遇できず、生育を停止して発芽不良となる、を検証する。また、休眠導入の促進処理による発芽不良軽減技術を開発する。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

The warmer autumn - winter temperatures is proposed to disturb endodormancy induction and thus disrupt the subsequence floral organ development and the acquisition of freezing tolerance. To test the idea that the earlier dormancy progression may alleviate the incidence of flowering disorder, we applied ABA to pear trees. Japanese pear ‘Kosui’ trees grown at two orchards which are locating in the region of frequently occurring flowering disorder. The applications were repeated two seasons. The results demonstrated that the flowering in the following spring became earlier and the floret number per flower bud increased in the ABA applied trees, compared with control (no ABA applications). These results indicate that ABA alleviates the incidence of flowering disorder.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究は、①発芽不良は低温感受性時期が自発休眠覚醒と花芽成熟で異なること、②ABA処理により低温感受性時期のリセットまたは低温遭遇時間の補填効果が生じ、耐凍性の向上や花芽成熟の促進により発芽不良発生が軽減されること、を明らかにした。
主に野外で栽培される果樹においては、低温不足を低温処理で補うことはエネルギー効率の点からほとんど不可能である。しかしABA処理などの刺激によって限られた低温量であっても花芽成熟を適切に進行させることが可能となり、発芽不良を改善する可能性が示されたことから、今後、有用な対策技術となり得る。

Report

(4 results)
  • 2021 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2020 Research-status Report
  • 2019 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (1 results)

All 2022

All Journal Article (1 results) (of which Peer Reviewed: 1 results,  Open Access: 1 results)

  • [Journal Article] How Is Global Warming Affecting Fruit Tree Blooming? “Flowering (Dormancy) Disorder” in Japanese Pear (Pyrus pyrifolia) as a Case Study2022

    • Author(s)
      Akiyoshi Tominaga, Akiko Ito, Toshihiko Sugiura, Hisayo Yamane
    • Journal Title

      Frontiers in Plant Science

      Volume: 10 Pages: 787638-787638

    • DOI

      10.3389/fpls.2021.787638

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access

URL: 

Published: 2019-04-18   Modified: 2023-01-30  

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