Functional evaluation of phytanic acid diastereomers

• Project/Area Number: 19K06356
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 42010:Animal production science-related
• Research Institution: University of Miyazaki
• Principal Investigator: Nakanishi Tomonori 宮崎大学, 農学部, 准教授 (20717889)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 菅本 和寛 宮崎大学, 工学部, 准教授 (10274771)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-04-01 – 2023-03-31
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2022)
• Budget Amount: ¥4,420,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,020,000); Fiscal Year 2021: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000); Fiscal Year 2020: ¥1,560,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥360,000); Fiscal Year 2019: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
• Keywords: フィタン酸 / 畜産物 / 免疫調節作用 / 組織脂肪酸組成

Outline of Research at the Start

フィタン酸は牛乳や牛肉に含まれる脂肪酸であり、免疫調節作用などの生理活性を有する機能性脂質として近年注目を集めている。本研究では、牛乳・牛肉中のフィタン酸に2つの異性体（3R体と3S体）が存在することに着目し、3R体と3S体の免疫調節作用の直接比較を行う。牛乳・牛肉中に増強すべき異性体が3R体と3S体のうち、どちらなのかを明らかにすることが、本研究のねらいである。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

In this study, we focused on phytanic acid, a novel functional lipid found in milk and beef, and investigated its immunomodulatory effects in detail. The results showed that phytanic acid suppressed cytokine production from mouse T cells, especially against Th1 and Th17 cytokines. Phytanic acid also suppressed antibody production by B cells and NO production by macrophages. Furthermore, phytanic acid inhibited weight loss and intestinal mucosal thickening in a dextran sulfate sodium-induced mouse colitis model. Of the two phytanic acid diastereomers, 3R,7R,11R(3R)- and 3S,7R,11R(3S)-isomers, the 3S-isomer showed stronger inhibitory effects against Th1 cytokines than the 3R-isomer.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

牛乳や牛肉などの畜産物はフィタン酸の天然の摂取源であり、8つあるフィタン異性体の中で3R,7R,11R-体（3R体）と3S,7R,11R-体（3S体）の2つを含んでいる。フィタン酸は免疫調節作用などの生理活性を有する機能性脂質として注目を集めてきた。本研究では、フィタン酸が培養細胞レベルのみならず動物個体レベルでも有効性を発揮する可能性が示され、更に3R体と3S体の免疫調節作用の差異についても新たな知見を得た。

Research Products

• [Journal Article] In vitro characterization of anti-inflammatory activities of 3 RS, 7 R, 11 R-phytanic acid (2023)
  • Author(s): Tomonori Nakanishi, Mikihisa Izumi, Ryoji Suzuki, Kohta Yamaguchi, Kazuhiro Sugamoto, Laurie Erickson, Satoshi Kawahara
  • Journal Title: Journal of Dairy Research Volume: 90 Issue: 1 Pages: 92-99
  • DOI: 10.1017/s0022029923000146
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Dietary phytanic acid-induced changes in tissue fatty acid profiles in mice (2020)
  • Author(s): Nakanishi Tomonori、Kagamizono Kazuhiro、Yokoyama Sayaka、Suzuki Ryoji、Sakakibara Hiroyuki、Sugamoto Kazuhiro、Erickson Laurie、Kawahara Satoshi
  • Journal Title: Journal of Dairy Research Volume: 87 Issue: 4 Pages: 498-500
  • DOI: 10.1017/s0022029920001089
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Effects of dietary phytol on tissue accumulation of phytanic acid and pristanic acid and on the tissue lipid profiles in mice (2020)
  • Author(s): Nakanishi Tomonori、Kagamizono Kazuhiro、Yokoyama Sayaka、Suzuki Ryoji、Sakakibara Hiroyuki、Erickson Laurie、Kawahara Satoshi
  • Journal Title: Animal Science Journal Volume: 91 Issue: 1
  • DOI: 10.1111/asj.13424
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Novel anti-inflammatory effects of 3RS, 7R, 11R-phytanic acid (2022)
  • Author(s): Tomonori Nakanishi, Keisuke Suga, Ryoji Suzuki, Satoshi Kawahara
  • Organizer: 68th International Congress of Meat Science and Technology
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] 減炭反応を用いた光学活性なプリスタン酸の合成 (2021)
  • Author(s): 十亀侑矢、菅本和寛、仲西友紀
  • Organizer: 第21回分析講演会
• [Presentation] 減炭素反応を鍵反応とする光学活性なプリスタン酸の合成 (2021)
  • Author(s): 十亀侑矢、菅本和寛、仲西友紀
  • Organizer: 第58回化学関連支部合同九州大会
• [Presentation] フィタン酸の給与がマウスの組織脂肪酸組成に与える影響 (2021)
  • Author(s): 仲西友紀・鈴木遼司・榊原啓之・菅本和寛・河原聡
  • Organizer: 日本畜産学会第128回大会