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Development of privacy-preserving technology for genome information analysis

Research Project

Project/Area Number 19K12209
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 62010:Life, health and medical informatics-related
Research InstitutionWaseda University

Principal Investigator

Shimizu Kana  早稲田大学, 理工学術院, 教授 (60367050)

Project Period (FY) 2019-04-01 – 2023-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2022)
Budget Amount *help
¥4,420,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,020,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥1,170,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥270,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥1,690,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥390,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥1,560,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥360,000)
Keywordsゲノム配列検索 / プライバシ保護 / 秘密分散 / 暗号プロトコル / TEE / 機械学習 / ゲノム配列計算 / 秘密計算 / 決定木 / 秘匿検索 / GWAS / SGX / 秘匿計算 / ゲノム情報解析 / プライバシ保護データマイニング
Outline of Research at the Start

近年,爆発的に増加している個人ゲノムデータの取り扱いには高いプライバシのリスクが付随するため,データを安全かつ,効果的に集約し,有用な知見を発見する方法論の開発が強く望まれている.このような背景から本研究では,ゲノム情報のどの部分が個人のプライバシに該当するのかを明らかにしたうえで,秘匿すべき部分を暗号化したまま情報解析を行う方法論の研究を行う.本研究では特に,ゲノム配列検索とゲノムワイド関連解析の2点を中心的な課題と定め,大規模なデータ解析を安全に実施できる手法の開発を行う.

Outline of Final Research Achievements

The recent advancement in genome sequencing technology poses a new challenge to securely sharing personal genome information. To solve the problem, we developed privacy-preserving technologies such as searching personal genome sequence databases mainly by using secret sharing. To achieve the performance required for practical use, we applied an efficient algorithm used in the succinct data structure, which achieved information-theoretically lower bound of memory size while achieving high utility, and used hardware techniques such as TEE. We also developed a method that enables a user to use a machine-learning model (in our case, a decision tree) on a server while protecting the user’s query and the server’s machine-learning model by using secret sharing.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

ヒトゲノム情報は医学や生物学の発展,さらには医療健康を中心とした様々な産業への活用が期待されている重要なデータであるが,個人と強く結びつく情報であるため,その取り扱いには困難が伴う.本研究では,このように活用が望まれる一方で,プライバシ保護の侵害につながるデータを安全に利用することのできる技術を開発した.学術的には,秘密計算と呼ばれる,秘密の情報を開示することなく目的とする演算を行うことのできる技術に関して,部分文字列検索の高速化,決定木評価の高速化等を達成した.本研究ではゲノムを中心とした生命科学分野のデータへの応用を想定して開発を進めてきたが,分野外の様々な問題にも適応可能である.

Report

(5 results)
  • 2022 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2021 Research-status Report
  • 2020 Research-status Report
  • 2019 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (12 results)

All 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019

All Journal Article (3 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 1 results,  Peer Reviewed: 1 results,  Open Access: 1 results) Presentation (9 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 1 results)

  • [Journal Article] Private Evaluation of a Decision Tree Based on Secret Sharing2023

    • Author(s)
      Ahmed Mohammad Nabil、Shimizu Kana
    • Journal Title

      Lecture Notes in Computer Science

      Volume: 13849 Pages: 171-194

    • DOI

      10.1007/978-3-031-29371-9_9

    • ISBN
      9783031293702, 9783031293719
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Efficient privacy-preserving variable-length substring match for genome sequence2022

    • Author(s)
      Nakagawa Yoshiki、Ohata Satsuya、Shimizu Kana
    • Journal Title

      Algorithms for Molecular Biology

      Volume: 17 Issue: 1 Pages: 1-22

    • DOI

      10.1186/s13015-022-00211-1

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Efficient Privacy-Preserving Variable-Length Substring Match for Genome Sequence2021

    • Author(s)
      Nakagawa, Yoshiki ; Ohata, Satsuya ; Shimizu, Kana
    • Journal Title

      21st International Workshop on Algorithms in Bioinformatics (WABI 2021)

      Volume: 201

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Private Evaluation of a Decision Tree Based on Secret Sharing2022

    • Author(s)
      Ahmed Mohammad Nabil、Shimizu Kana
    • Organizer
      ICISC 2022
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Novel reference-free detection of somatic structural variant based on graph-aware index2020

    • Author(s)
      Taiki Yamada, Kenichi Chiba, Keisuke Kataoka, Yuichi Shiraishi and Kana Shimizu
    • Organizer
      IIBMP 2020
    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] Intel SGXを用いた個人ゲノム情報解析システム2020

    • Author(s)
      岩田大輝 清水佳奈
    • Organizer
      2020年暗号と情報セキュリティシンポジウム(SCIS2020)
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] 秘密分散に基づく秘匿全文検索2019

    • Author(s)
      中川 佳貴 大畑 幸矢 清水 佳奈
    • Organizer
      コンピュータセキュリティシンポジウム2019(CSS2019)
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] 属性ベース暗号とIntel SGXを用いた堅牢かつ柔軟なアクセス制御を実現するデータ分析プラットフォームの構築2019

    • Author(s)
      岩田大輝 清水佳奈
    • Organizer
      情報処理学会 第58回バイオ情報学研究会
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] BV-SGX: 生命情報解析向け仮想マシンを搭載したSGXクラウド2019

    • Author(s)
      櫻井碧 清水佳奈
    • Organizer
      情報処理学会 第58回バイオ情報学研究会
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] 生体情報セキュリティ2019

    • Author(s)
      清水佳奈
    • Organizer
      第58回 日本生体医工学会大会
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] Towards Privacy-preserving Biomedical Knowledge Integration2019

    • Author(s)
      Kana Shimizu
    • Organizer
      JAPAN - NORDIC WORKSHOP ON DIGITAL HEALTH FOR HEALTHY LONGEVITY
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] Privacy-preserving Search for Sharing Genetic Variants2019

    • Author(s)
      Masanobu Jimbo, Nobutaka Mitsuhashi, Shigeo Mitsunari, Shin Kawano, Toshiaki Katayama, Kiyoshi Asai, Kana Shimizu
    • Organizer
      The 27th International Conference on Intelligent Systems for Molecular Biology and the 19 th European Conference on Computational Biology (ISMB/ECCB 2019)
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report

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Published: 2019-04-18   Modified: 2024-01-30  

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