| Project/Area Number |
19K13434
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 04010:Geography-related
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| Research Institution | Tottori University |
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Principal Investigator |
FENTA Ayele 鳥取大学, 乾燥地研究センター, 特命助教 (00836984)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2021)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥4,160,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥960,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥780,000 (Direct Cost: ¥600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥180,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥210,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥2,470,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥570,000)
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| Keywords | Rainfall intensity / Rainfall erosivity / Satellite rainfall / Soil erosion / Raindrop size / Optical disdrometer |
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| Outline of Research at the Start |
A novel data integration and modeling techniques will be adopted to develop precision estimation method of rainfall erosivity. The proposed method integrates data from satellite rainfall estimates (SREs), ground-based rainfall measurements, and laser precipitation monitor. The main research objectives include: (1) Improve SREs data through bias correction using gauge-calibrated radar data. (2) Develop 30-minute and 1-hourly rainfall erosivity models. (3) Develop precise erosivity estimates by integrating erosivity models and improved SREs. (4) Model regional-scale soil erosion risk.
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
For the East Africa region, the mean annual rainfall erosivity was estimated at 3,246 ± 1,895 MJ mm ha－1 h－1 yr－1, implying that the region is subject to a potentially high water erosion risk. The mean annual gross soil loss by water erosion for the East Africa region is estimated at 4 billion t, of which ca. 50% was found to originate in Ethiopia. About 25% of Ethiopia (28 × 106 ha) has soil erosion rates above 10 t ha－1 yr－1, which requires immediate management intervention. Ex-ante analysis revealed that implementation of suitable land management practices could reduce the mean soil erosion rate from 16.5 t ha－1 yr－1 to 5.3 t ha－1 yr－1 (mean, by ca. 68%).
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
本研究では、東アフリカ地域の水食の空間パターンを解析するために、長期水文ゲージデータと衛星データを統合することにより、新しい降雨侵食モデルを開発した。本研究の成果は、降雨侵食力と土壌侵食程度の空間パターンの理解を深めるだけでなく、土壌侵食の影響をもっとも受けやすく、土地管理の優先的な地域を特定するのに役立つことができる。さらに、本研究の成果は、土壌・水資源の持続可能な利用と管理に向けた適切な土地管理慣行と適切な土地利用計画の実施の促進など、環境管理に関連する国および地域の政策の調整を改善するのにも貢献する。
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