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What causes low female labor supply?: separating the effect of culture from economic& social factors using large-scale data from Japan

Research Project

Project/Area Number 19K13733
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Review Section Basic Section 07050:Public economics and labor economics-related
Research InstitutionResearch Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry

Principal Investigator

Liu Yang  独立行政法人経済産業研究所, 研究グループ, 研究員 (50635084)

Project Period (FY) 2019-04-01 – 2023-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2022)
Budget Amount *help
¥2,470,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥570,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥780,000 (Direct Cost: ¥600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥180,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥780,000 (Direct Cost: ¥600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥180,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥210,000)
Keywords労働参加 / 女性 / 経済・社会要因 / 文化要因 / 日本人 / 在日外国人 / 経済要因 / 失業 / 正規雇用 / 人的資本 / エスニック・ペナルティー / 外国人 / 格差 / 労働参加率 / 女性就労 / 経済的・社会的要因 / 文化的要因 / 労働供給 / 社会要因
Outline of Research at the Start

日本における既婚女性の低い労働参加率は、学術的にも政策的にも注目されている。その原因として、長時間労働や男女格差問題などの経済・社会制度的な要因が指摘されているが、未だ説明できない部分が多い。経済学では近年、文化(culture)に関連する要因が経済成果に与える影響の研究が進められ、文化的要因と経済的・社会的要因を識別するため、本国民と在住移民のデータを用いる新しいアプローチ(Epidemiological Approach)が開発された。本研究は、それを日本の女性労働供給の分析に応用・拡張する。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

This study examines Japanese female labor force participation (LFP) applying the epidemiological approach in economics (EAE), which identifies the roles of cultural and economic factors in determining economic outcomes using native and immigrant data. Immigrant situations of employment and family in Japan are also carefully examined in the analysis. We find that the probability of married female LFP of long-term immigrants is significantly higher than that of natives, controlling for human capital, family, and region of residence. The decomposition results show that our estimation model successfully explains 93.6% of female LFP difference between natives and long-term immigrants, with culture having the largest contribution, greater than that of the women’s own education and that of their husbands. The estimation results provide empirical evidence that the LFP decision is significantly determined by both economic and cultural factors.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究は、新しい手法で日本における女性の労働参加の決定要因を分析し、経済・社会的要因と文化的要因を識別するアプローチを日本のデータに適用する初の研究である。
社会的意義として、女性就労を促進するには、経済・社会環境の改善のみならず、人々の意識に関する文化の役割も重要であることが示された。「女性活躍」政策や、『女性版骨太方針2022』にあるような、「女性の経済的自立」、「男性の家庭・地域社会における活躍」に関する女性の労働市場参加を評価する社会的価値観を普及することが、女性就労の促進につながることについて、実証的なエビデンスを提供した。

Report

(5 results)
  • 2022 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2021 Research-status Report
  • 2020 Research-status Report
  • 2019 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (7 results)

All 2023 2022 2021 2020

All Journal Article (4 results) (of which Open Access: 3 results) Presentation (3 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 1 results,  Invited: 1 results)

  • [Journal Article] Female Labor Force Participation in Japan: An epidemiological approach using native and immigrant data2023

    • Author(s)
      劉洋、萩原里紗
    • Journal Title

      RIETI Discussion Paper Series

      Volume: 23-E-023 Pages: 1-22

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Unemployment Gap between Long-term Immigrants and Natives in Japan: Considering Heterogeneity Among Immigrants from Asia, the U.S. and UK, and South America2022

    • Author(s)
      劉 洋
    • Journal Title

      RIETI Discussion Paper Series

      Volume: 22-E-024 Pages: 1-32

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Open Access
  • [Journal Article] 選択的な外国人受け入れ政策の下にある外国人住民の実態2021

    • Author(s)
      劉洋 萩原里紗
    • Journal Title

      RIETI Policy Discussion Paper Series

      Volume: 21-P-008 Pages: 1-42

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Labor Force Participation of Married Female Immigrants: Evidence from a Low Female-LFPR Host Country2020

    • Author(s)
      劉洋、萩原里紗
    • Journal Title

      RIETI Discussion Paper Series

      Volume: 20-E-019 Pages: 1-25

    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] Unemployment gap between long-term immigrants and natives in Japan: considering heterogeneity among immigrants from Asia, US&UK, and South America2022

    • Author(s)
      劉 洋
    • Organizer
      日本経済学会2022年度秋季大会
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Labor Force Participation of Married Female Immigrants in a Low Female-LFPR Host Country: Evidence from Japan2021

    • Author(s)
      劉 洋
    • Organizer
      Global Lecture Series on Chinese Economy
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Why Does the Labor Force Participation Rate of Married Female Immigrants Not Decrease in a Low Female LFPR Host Country?: Evidence from Japan2020

    • Author(s)
      劉洋 萩原里紗
    • Organizer
      日本経済学会2020年度秋季大会
    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report

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Published: 2019-04-18   Modified: 2024-01-30  

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