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AI-based diagnosis of urothelial carcinoma using plasma cell-free DNA fragments and clinical application of the genetic mutation

Research Project

Project/Area Number 19K18558
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Review Section Basic Section 56030:Urology-related
Research InstitutionOsaka University

Principal Investigator

Nakano Kosuke  大阪大学, 医学部附属病院, 医員 (00804410)

Project Period (FY) 2019-04-01 – 2021-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2020)
Budget Amount *help
¥4,290,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥990,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥2,990,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥690,000)
Keywords尿路上皮癌 / cell-free DNA / 血中遊離DNA / 断片長 / 全身性炎症 / cfDNA / AI
Outline of Research at the Start

尿路上皮癌のcfDNAの断片長に着目し、短小化メカニズムの解明を行うとともに、人工知能(AI)を活用した早期診断システムを開発すること、また、循環腫瘍DNAを同定することで、薬剤選択や治療モニタリングに応用することを目的とする。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Advanced urothelial carcinoma is a disease with a poor prognosis, and biomarkers for early diagnosis are lacking. In order to improve the prognosis of urothelial carcinoma, it is urgent to develop early diagnostic markers. We have been focusing on cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in blood and have reported that the fragment size of cfDNA is shorter in renal cell carcinoma and urothelial carcinoma. In this study, we found that the fragment size of cfDNA is useful as a diagnostic marker in urothelial carcinoma, and that the decrease in cfDNA fragment size is associated with systemic inflammation.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

予後不良である進行性尿路上皮癌に対し、免疫チェックポイント阻害剤の使用が承認された。しかしその効果は限定的であると言わざるを得ない。予後の改善のためにも早期診断マーカーや最適な薬剤選択を可能にするバイオマーカーの開発が求められている。我々は、血中のcfDNAの断片長が尿路上皮癌の診断マーカーとして有用であることを明らかにした。この結果は今後の個別化医療の実現に向けて社会的意義は大きいと考えられる。さらに、cfDNAの断片長と全身性炎症が関連していることを初めて明らかにし、学術的意義を有していると考えられる。

Report

(3 results)
  • 2020 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2019 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (2 results)

All 2020 2019

All Journal Article (1 results) (of which Peer Reviewed: 1 results,  Open Access: 1 results) Presentation (1 results)

  • [Journal Article] Fragmentation of cell‐free DNA is induced by upper‐tract urothelial carcinoma?associated systemic inflammation2020

    • Author(s)
      Nakano Kosuke、Yamamoto Yoshiyuki、Yamamichi Gaku、Yumiba Satoru、Tomiyama Eisuke、Matsushita Makoto、Koh Yoko、Hayashi Yujiro、Wang Cong、Ishizuya Yu、Kato Taigo、Hatano Koji、Kawashima Atsunari、Ujike Takeshi、Fujita Kazutoshi、Nonomura Norio、Uemura Motohide
    • Journal Title

      Cancer Science

      Volume: 112 Issue: 1 Pages: 168-177

    • DOI

      10.1111/cas.14679

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Presentation] Clinical application of circulating cell free DNA in upper tract urothelial carcinoma patients plasma.2019

    • Author(s)
      Kosuke Nakano
    • Organizer
      第78回日本癌学会学術総会
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report

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Published: 2019-04-18   Modified: 2022-01-27  

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