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Characterization of microbial assemblages associated with large-scale thawing of permafrost

Research Project

Project/Area Number 19K20462
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Review Section Basic Section 63040:Environmental impact assessment-related
Research InstitutionNational Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology

Principal Investigator

Nakai Ryosuke  国立研究開発法人産業技術総合研究所, 生命工学領域, 研究員 (90637802)

Project Period (FY) 2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2021)
Budget Amount *help
¥4,290,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥990,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥2,470,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥570,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥1,820,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥420,000)
Keywords微生物 / 細菌 / バクテリア / 永久凍土 / 環境影響評価 / アーキア / 環境DNA / 極地 / 凍土 / 気候変動 / 特殊環境
Outline of Research at the Start

北極圏に広がる永久凍土帯には数万年の時をかけて蓄えられた約9500億トンにもなる炭素が含まれている。近年の気候変動に伴う凍土大融解により、大量のメタンが生じるが、そのガス発生に関わるメタン生成菌を除いて、他の未知微生物群の全貌は明らかになっていない。本研究では、古環境情報を記録した媒体として有用な永久凍土層の巨大氷(エドマ氷)を用いて、氷に閉じ込められた未知微生物群の実態に迫ることを目的とする。環境DNA 解析にくわえて、申請者らが確立してきた超微小微生物の回収技術も併用することによって、微生物群集の系統や多様性・潜在機能を高解像度で解き明かす。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

This study investigated unseen/uncultured microorganisms present in the ice complex of the Alaskan permafrost. Microbiome analysis revealed that bacterial members belonging to Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Chlamydiae, Planctomycetes, and Firmicutes, as well as archaeal members affiliated with Euryarchaeota and Thaumarchaeota were dominant in the studied samples. Some samples also contained novel lineages belonging to uncultivated candidate divisions, Acidobacteria, and Gemmatimonadetes. Metagenomic analysis also detected uncultivated members with metabolic potentials related to organic matter degradation and gas production, and the relationship between the metabolic characteristics obtained and the geochemical data is currently being analyzed. In addition, culturing efforts have led to the isolation of phylogenetically novel proteobacterial strains.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

地球環境変動によって大融解が促される永久凍土は、有機炭素の巨大な貯蔵庫である。この種の凍土には、肉眼では見えないが、多種多様な微生物(特にバクテリアやアーキアなど原核生物)を含んでいる。凍土融解による物質循環インパクトを考察するうえでは、それら微生物の実態と代謝機能の情報も重要であると考える。本研究で得た微生物群集構造とその生理生態の知見は、凍土融解時に現場で増殖して機能しうる微生物を考究するための基盤的知見になる。

Report

(4 results)
  • 2021 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2020 Research-status Report
  • 2019 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (11 results)

All 2022 2021 2020 2019 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (2 results) Journal Article (2 results) (of which Peer Reviewed: 2 results,  Open Access: 1 results) Presentation (6 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 1 results,  Invited: 5 results) Book (1 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] アラスカ大学フェアバンクス校(米国)

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] アラスカ大学フェアバンクス校(米国)

    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Journal Article] Characterization of the First Cultured Psychrotolerant Representative of Legionella from Antarctica Reveals Its Unique Genome Structure2021

    • Author(s)
      Shimada Sho*、Nakai Ryosuke* (*equal contribution)、Aoki Kotaro、Kudoh Sakae、Imura Satoshi、Shimoeda Norifumi、Ohno Giichiro、Watanabe Kentaro、Miyazaki Yasunari、Ishii Yoshikazu、Tateda Kazuhiro
    • Journal Title

      Microbiology Spectrum

      Volume: 9 Issue: 2

    • DOI

      10.1128/spectrum.00424-21

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] 極地に生きる未知微生物は何者か?2021

    • Author(s)
      中井 亮佑
    • Journal Title

      極限環境生物学会誌

      Volume: -

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Presentation] 今こそ注目!すごい微生物たちの世界2021

    • Author(s)
      中井亮佑
    • Organizer
      Anti-disciplinary Science Group in Keio・The 59th Scienc-ome
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] とっても小さい放線菌等の実体と新機能2021

    • Author(s)
      中井亮佑
    • Organizer
      第67回日本放線菌学会学術講演会
    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] 培養アプローチで迫る稀少微生物たちの実体2021

    • Author(s)
      中井亮佑、草田裕之、玉木秀幸
    • Organizer
      日本農芸化学会2021年度大会シンポジウム
    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] 極地微生物ハンティングのこれまでとこれから2020

    • Author(s)
      中井 亮
    • Organizer
      極限環境生物学会 第21回シンポジウム
    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Chasing Legionella spp. in Antarctic human-made and natural environments2020

    • Author(s)
      Sho Shimada、Ryosuke Nakai、Kotaro Aoki、Norifumi Shimoeda、Giichiro Ohno、Sakae Kudoh、Satoshi Imura、Kentaro Watanabe、Yasunari Miyazaki、Yoshikazu Ishii、Kazuhiro Tateda
    • Organizer
      The 11th Symposium on Polar Science
    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 稀少微生物たちの実態と新機能を探る2019

    • Author(s)
      中井 亮佑
    • Organizer
      第14回 札幌微生物勉強会
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Invited
  • [Book] 遺伝学の百科事典 -継承と多様性の源-2022

    • Author(s)
      日本遺伝学会
    • Total Pages
      690
    • Publisher
      丸善出版
    • ISBN
      9784621306604
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2019-04-18   Modified: 2023-01-30  

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